McCarthyism Vs Salem Witch Trials Essay Example For Students

McCarthyism Vs Salem Witch Trials Essay More than 300 years prior in the town of Salem Massachusetts an issue was laid into our hands. A difficult that will frequent our country for a considerable length of time and years to come. At the point when our country was confronted with a simillar problemit was nearly accepted equivalent to it was with the Salem Witch Trials. This issue was called McCarthyism. Numerous individuals feel that the Salem Witch Trials and McCarthyism was just about a similar scheme, yet in excess of 200 and after fifty years. One day two young ladies and an Indian slave were found moving in a field, the two young ladies realized that they would stumble into difficulty in light of the fact that the puritans didnt accept much in having a fabulous time. They realized that on the off chance that they acted beguiled, at that point it would spare them a great deal of difficulty. So the young ladies began to go into seizures, and act unusual. (Linder, Douglas. P1). This drove part into something that is disregarded upon in our countries history. This was the start of the Salem Witch Trials. In the late 1940s we discovered that Russia had gotten the nuclear bomb mystery from two government agents. This and other little things started the time of McCarthyism, the period numerous individuals might want to overlook. Congressperson Joe McCarthy was an exceptionally capable man. He had methods of scaring individuals extremely simple and exceptionally quick (Cook, Fred J p5). Representative Joe McCarthy realized how to function the general population, and he realized that in the event that he started up the socialist issue with numerous individuals he would get his seat in the senate. This was another period in our country that individuals would prefer to overlook. This period demolished people groups lives and made them boycotted from Hollywood until the end of time. McCarthyism and The Salem Witch preliminaries are regular for some reasons. The two of them fired up due to the self-centeredness of others. On the off chance that Joeseph McCarthy were not all that childish, at that point the individuals that he denounced would have had an occupation, and the would not have been evaded by the comminity. On the off chance that the two young ladies were not all that childish, at that point 19 individuals would have their lives back. This shows how McCarthyism and The Salem Witch Trials began as someone attempting to escape inconvenience, or someone attempting to get a higher seat out in the open however wound up as two of the most appallingly viewed occasions in American history. The Salem Witch Trials didn't have a generally excellent court framework. As Mr. Larry Gragg clarifies the legitimate issues Governor Phips confronted a lawful predicament The Massachusetts Bay state had made the act of black magic a crime under the authority of a contract allowed by Charles I in 1629. That record, nonetheless, had been repudiated in 1686. After two years, the settlement turned out to be a piece of the Dominion of New England. Since the 1689 topple of Edmond Andros, the Dominion senator Massachusetts had existed in a legitimate limbo while its operators haggled with William III for another contract. In fact, at that point, no law against black magic existed. Senator Phips, who had shown up with another contract, couldn't assemble another commonplace lawmaking body to affirm the old sculpture until June 8. In any case, he didnt need to hold up that long so he delegated an exceptional court of Oyer and Terminer (a legal body to hear and decide) on May 27. He chose Deputy Governor William Stoughton and 8 driving dealers and landowners to serve on the court. They took different sorts of impalpable proof including direct admissions, otherworldly properties, and responses of the distressed young ladies were utilized (Dialog Based on the Examination of Sara Good, by Judges Hawthorne and Corwin p5). .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 , .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 .postImageUrl , .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 , .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4:hover , .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4:visited , .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4:active { border:0!important; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4:active , .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4:hover { mistiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f 4913fa67a4 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u79deaca5088c8daab7046f4913fa67a4:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Deforestation Essay They chose to acknowledge Specter Evidence That is on the off chance that somebody in the network said that the charged individual let the fallen angel utilize their shape. They felt that was the best proof since they figured you needed to let the fiend take your shape, and he couldnt take it without your authorization. The court of Joe McCarthy was likewise unlawful. As per 1950-1954: a man without a reason. there was an undeniable instance of liable until demonstrated honest rather than honest until demonstrated liable. Since they didnt have and substantial proof against these individuals they couldnt toss .

What's your Dangerous Idea Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What's your Dangerous Idea - Research Paper Example An example such a circumstance is a school who, during test week, decided to party each night rather than study. During his tests the following day he is ill-equipped and without answers to the inquiries being posed in the test structure. He can't address enough right inquiries that would bring about his breezing through the test. The consequence of his initial 2 past activities confirmed that he would bomb the test and along these lines, bomb the class too. Occasions, for example, the previously mentioned circumstance demonstrate the way of thinking that all normally happening occasions will occur because of the laws of nature. Fundamentally, all the occasions that happen in a people life and its outcomes are all piece of a normally happening framework in a people life that depends on a people decisions and choices that are impacted by the thought processes of an individual. As it were, the aggregate human activities will make conditions that will bring about the event of an occasion. No other occasion can result from the activities that an individual executed. These activities are, as found in the model above, to be considered pre-conditions that help decide the course and consequences of a past occasion in a people life. Such occasions are then characterized to be a piece of Causal Determinism which is comprehended to mean circumstances and logical results. Hypothetically, (causal) determinism is accepted to be made out of good decisions that block unrestrained choice. The explanation that determinism is accepted to overshadow through and through freedom is on the grounds that people will act in a specific way in any case. Variables join so as to cause individuals to follow a specific way with a pre-decided outcome for them toward its finish. Subsequently determinism requires that predecessor occasions and conditions meet up like iotas in the laws of nature. It is a direct result of these current reasons that Determinism has been thought to have a profound association with keeps an eye on comprehension of the physical sciences and its logical aspirations and our perspectives about human

What is the Future of Social Security? Essay -- essays research papers

What is the fate of Social Security?      There is quite warmed discussion on the issues of Social Security today. The Social Security framework is the biggest government program of pay circulation in the United States. Individuals are worried that they won't see a dime of what they endeavored to contribute into the Social Security framework for such a significant number of years. Standardized savings gives advantages to around forty-3,000,000 Americans. Not exclusively to resigned laborers, yet additionally to their life partners and wards of the laborers who kick the bucket rashly. It likewise gives advantages to debilitated specialists and their wards. Government managed savings appears to a great many people like a straightforward retirement saving’s account. All things considered, you by and large contribute through finance derivations, at that point get cash back after you resign. In any case, Social Security is a perplexing and mind boggling collective program. By plan, Social Security includes m onstrous appropriations from the up and coming age of retirees to the present, from single specialists to wedded couples. Presently that the colossal post World War II children of post war America age approaches retirement age, there is worry about the results it will have on Social Security. There are fundamentally three choices, we can sit idle and permit Social Security to run it’s course, reconsider Social Security, or think about privatization of the framework.      Historically, the Democratic and Republican gatherings have clear and contradicting perspectives. Simply, the Democrats entire heartedly contradict change to a program started under Roosevelt's New Deal. The Republicans consider this social program in opposition to private enterprise. In any case, after some time the Republicans discovered that it's fame with the voters has made this issue distant.      According to Congressman Richard Gephardt, the government managed savings was not intended to be the sole wellspring of retirement salary but instead as an establishment for retirement to give every single working American a security pad. There will be cash in the store until 2029, so upsetting children of post war America don’t need to stress. After that cash is drained the income from the finance duty will be sufficiently adequate to pay 75% of each standardized savings advantage for the resulting 75 years. Be that as it may, what number of weights ought to be put on the youthful and middle age people, whose charges fundamentally pay for government retirement ... ...s for a long time into the future, which fundamentally, necessities to begin now. Utilizing a moderate monetary projection ought to be one of the means taken for the development of future government managed savings. We as a whole know there are no free rides throughout everyday life; somebody is continually taking the bill, considerably less in government managed savings. Any of the progressions examined in this report would force a genuine modification in the degree of advantages, tax collection and dangers. At last, we have to look forward with complete understanding and full acknowledgment of changes, while keeping confidence in a framework, which has served us so well.  â â â â â â â â â  â â â â  â â â â  â â â â      Richard A. Gephardt, Being Careful with Social Security [article online], Newsweek Inc. Gotten to 15 January 1997; Page A19. Government managed savings Administration. Accessible from http://www.ssa.gov      Robert J. Samuelson, Justice Among Social Security [article online], Newsweek Inc. Gotten to 1 July 1998; Page A23. Government managed savings Administration. Accessible from http://www.ssa.gov  â â â â

Discuss the Ways in Which the Writers Present Ambition in...

In â€Å"The White Devil† by Webster and â€Å"Paradise Lost Boox IX† by Milton there are a handful of characters that are driven by ambition. These characters often make foolish decisions to achieve their goals, often with consequences. Both Webster and Milton present ambition as a positive motivation but show that being over ambitious for personal gain has detrimental effects. In â€Å"The White Devil† Webster presents Flamineo as the most ambitious character in the play. He is driven by the personal goal of climbing up the class ladder and will go to any measures to ensure this happens. In Act I, Scene II we see him act as a pander for Bracciano and Vittoria, dealing with their meeting in a highly pragmatic way by deceiving Camillo so a meeting can†¦show more content†¦In comparison to Flamineo Milton presents Satan as an ambitious character, again for person gain. However, Satan’s personal goal is not to heighten his own position but to lower the position of God. However, unlike Flamineo, Satan fears the consequences of his actions from the start, knowing he has been expelled from Eden before so travels â€Å"cautious of day† so not to be seen by the angels and God as he looks for a way into Eden. Where Flamineo’s actions are planned and he acts practically, Satan is less calculated in his actions. He has to search fo r an animal in which to hide in. He eventually settles for â€Å"The serpent subtlest beast of all the field.† Satan’s actions are foolish as although not seen in Book IX he is highly punished for his actions and is condemned to life as a snake forever more. Milton uses epic similes within Book IX to show the actions of Satan, one from lines 510-150 shows Satan’s ambition is so strong he will go the long way around like a â€Å"skilful steersman† to achieve his final goal. This epic simile is particularly impressive as the beginning of the lines of the simile form an acrostic, the first letter of each line spelling out â€Å"SATAN†. However, as Chloe Batt highlights in her essay â€Å"The remaking of the Epic† Milton doesn’t â€Å"restrict himself solely to the epic mode† and instead â€Å"Milton defends his

Essay on Prohibition A Call For Reformation - 928 Words

During the late eighteenth century, reformers and politics debated the sale of alcohol for many reasons. Issues such as prohibition caused many individuals to engage in politics and propaganda sometimes took the focus off the real problems. President Cleveland won the election in 1884 for the Republican Party, it was said to have been because of a quote by a Republican clergyman. Directed primarily toward Democrats, it labeled them the party of â€Å"rum, Romanism, and rebellion.† In 1850 annual consumption of beer had reached up to 2.7 gallons per capita but had risen dramatically to 17.9 gallons per capita in 1880. (Nash and Jeffery 578) Drinking, by then, had been considered a serious social problem by progressives and reformers. In cities,†¦show more content†¦Saloons were an important social center for many ethnic groups but they were also blamed for a lot of the other problems found in cities. The young kids working in the coal mines could expect to buy a pail o f beer after a hard days’ work which awed many. Much of the abuse found in family relationships was related to the fact that the fathers had been drunkards, but women were usually the main target of the abuse. Jane Addams had a very big impact in the temperance movement during the end of the 17th century and the turn of the 18th century. In order to shift the popularity of the saloons she created hull house intended to help out the ethnic groups that were looking to revitalize their lives. It worked as much as it could have but more people decided it was a good idea after the addition of the first coffee house. Addams believed that by giving these immigrants and different ethnic groups a place to resolve their problems would decrease the amount of alcohol consumption in cities. With America being on the verge of war the 18th amendment was sent to the states on Dec. 22, 1917 which prohibited the manufacturing and sale of alcohol within the United States and was quickly ratifie d due to wartime concerns. (Nash and Jeffery 638) During the war prohibition was strongly linked toShow MoreRelated A Website Analysis on the Reformation of Marijuana Laws Essay examples1312 Words   |  6 PagesWebsite Analysis on the Reformation of Marijuana Laws NORML, or the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, founded in 1970, is a non profit, public interest advocacy group which fights for those Americans who oppose marijuana prohibition and want an end to arresting responsible marijuana smokers. 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HR Block Case Study Essay - 1627 Words

HR Block Tax Services Case-Study Frank M. Burns Management amp; Strategy 5650 Gregory Coon, Ph.D. Spring 1 2011 Webster University Abstract Hamp;R Block’s Tax Services segment provides income tax return preparation, electronic filing and other services and products related to income tax return preparation. Clients are offered a number of options for receiving their income tax refund, including a check directly from the IRS, an electronic deposit directly to their bank account, a prepaid debit card, a refund anticipation loan (RAL) or a refund anticipation check (RAC). Major revenue sources include; fees earned for tax preparation services performed at company-owned retail tax offices, royalties from franchise retail tax†¦show more content†¦Strategic Management Hamp;R Block offers franchises as a way to expand their presence in the market. Their franchise arrangements assure the protection of their brand. 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Stealing Debut Albums and Magnificent Idea free essay sample

Debut Albums and Magnificent Idea Stealing is Just plain old wrong, but still that doesnt stop people from doing it. They dont take the time to realize the amount of trouble that theyre getting themselves into. Or maybe they Just dont care, but they really should. Stealing has no excuses, explanations, or anything, because when you get caught thats It. There are reasons why you shouldnt do this, good ones, theses are the things that people should think about before stealing.First of all what would God say, do you think that he would actually want you to doing this. Sure he forgives us for our sins, but do you want that guilt hanging over your shoulders, no, you dont. The bible says, Thou shall not steal, but do you think of that at all. Now what about jail time and your record, over do your limit and you might as well start working on your jail visits. Dont get this wrong or take it the wrong way, Im not saying go out and steal and just dont get caught. No, the point is thinking and using your head.You have to think about your future, how would it look if youre trying to get a Job, you meet all of the requirements and Just flat out qualified for the position oer applying for, but shoplifting shows up on your record. So all of a sudden Bam youre no longer qualified. Look at what It does to the future, you might get another chance, you might not. Why gamble with life, why keep taking chances, and fooling around. Take a look at this. Lets say that youve been stealing for a while and you think youre pretty good. Youve never got caught and also you believe you never will.You go into a store start picking up things like you always do. Now youre walking out of the door and a man says, stop you do so, but all of a sudden, realize that youre caught. Then you think no way, this has to be a dream, but its the realest thing that you will ever encounter. Soon youre In the back of the store, giving him all of your information, and hes calling your parents. Now you have to go to court, pay fines, and of course punishment. Do you see how addicting this Is, you keep doing it and doing until you get It, but whos to say you will stop there. If you cant steal youll go to something else that you can do or you might Just keep stealing. And neither one of them Is the right road to go down. Then the punishment, it really seems like it will never end at all. Theres the punishment from parents and the court. Now because its youre first time you might get 24 hours of community service and one year of unsupervised probation. Not so bad right, no, once again youre wrong, you have to think about your record again. And what if youre too young to do the work at some of the stores, your next option is church. Do you want everyone in your business? Little too late to realize that, dont you think. The punishment at home is Just as worse as the one the court gave you. Have a cell phone, not any more you dont, date next week, I dont think so, everything huts down and youre on lock down. Punishment can help you see how wonderful and great freedom Is. The guilt, lies, and everything Just come out. What It does to your life, cause of course you werent talking of this. You werent thinking that this would ever in a million years happen to you and why would it, because you cant day you got caught it wasnt your best. Maybe you Just werent thinking, had your mind somewhere, or you were thinking and Just didnt care. See where not caring can get you, in a courtroom, with a Judge, and you sitting next to your mother. Dont sound to good now do it. No, it doesnt but this one girl thought she was too good and wonderful for some like this to bring her down. Heres her story. Shes a young girl, about 13, smart, beautiful, and gets everything she deserves. But shes greedy, tired, and bored she needs something new to do. Joan (thats her name) thinks and thinks until she gets this wonderful, magnificent idea to steal.Decides she is going to stop using her last dime to buy a shirt, pair of pants, new earrings and all of the shiny material goods. Little does this young trying to be grown girl know her wonderful and magnificent idea isnt so great after all. First it starts off Joan is by herself Just hanging in the store. She has about ten dollars on her all together. And she needs that to put money on her phone for tomorrow. So she takes the shirt, goes to the back, to puts it in her bag, and Jets out of the store. Easy, quick, and simple anti nothing like getting some for free.Only its not free Joan going to pay for that shirt and its going to cost more than what it did. It doesnt stop there no not at all she keeps going. For one she believes that she is unstoppable, two whats the worst that can happen, and three who cares they wont even miss it. Right? WRONG!! The thing is Joan people care and they are going to miss it when it comes out of their next paycheck. Whats the worst, Ill tell you, getting caught, going to Jail, and the guilt on your shoulders. Joan you are stoppable and youll soon figure out that you will be stopped. So the next part of Jeans story is when she hooks up with her friends. And at This point stealing is like a new thing on the block, so everyone is doing, sorry again to bust your bubble but everyone is not doing it. Everyone goes to chill at Wall-mart after the game. Joan and her crew do to, but see Joan is in desperate need of a new pocketbook, Sally is loving the flat shoes and wants a pair for herself, Jim likes impressing the ladies and needs something fresh to wear to the dance, and last but not least Sarah and this girl is all about hair, so she needs the works.They go for it. Once again they dont get caught and everybody is happy for the time being. By now theyve done this a few more times and truly believe that theyre good. Really theyre addicted and dont know how or when to stop. So once again Joan is in the store alone and sees this nice pair of earrings. Shes thinking to herself its only one thing, go head and get it. Little does she realize someone is watching every move she makes and everything she take. Joan is walking out of the door like everything is fine.And the man says, stop young lady right about now her mind is probably rushing trying to think, but shes in shock and shes caught. The man takes her the back room and she cooperates, and he calls her parents. Joan is now on punishment, has a court date, and all of this for nothing. The point is stealing is wrong. We shouldnt do, it hurts so many people around us. But the person it hurts the most is you, look at all of the trouble you went through to try and avoid this, now look at all of the trouble it got you into.And theres no way to get out of it, you should have stopped while you were ahead, or when you were you sit back and realize how dumb it was. So stealing is stupid, it gets you nowhere and if you keep doing it youll end up nowhere. So what do you do the next time you walk in a store? You look around pick up nothing that you already know youre not going to buy. Go get what you need and head on out. The best way to stay out of trouble is to not even think about doing it, UT if you do you have to control yourself, learn to say no to others, and Just walk away if they dont want to listen.Long as you know stealing is wrong and that there is no point in doing, good. And really if you havent started stealing dont. Its too addicting and gets you into too much trouble. So Just dont steal! Last and farther most I would like to thank my probation officer for giving me another chance to prove myself. I would like you to know that this was a mistake and a one time only thing. Believe me it wont happen again. To Bells management and staff I would like to say Im sorry for breaking the law ND stealing clothes from your store.I also want you to know that this wont happen again and that I have learned my lesson. I hope you didnt get the wrong impression of me; I am really and truly a good child that Just made the wrong decision. To my parents and my uncle I would like thank them for supporting me and staying by my side in my time of need. I want them to also know I am very sorry for what I did. And last but not least to anyone else who may read this know that I have learned an important lesson in my life. I am truly blessed to have gotten this chance to prove and renew myself. Thank You.

Marketing Research and Marketing Assignment

Executive Summary The traffic village website will provide information on the real village that is still under construction. The traffic village is a project of the Abu Dhabi Police. We conducted a market survey and found that parents are in favour of the traffic village. They are in agreement with the major objective of the village, which is to train children aged between 3 and 12 years on responsible driving. We will use a penetration pricing strategy to increase our market share.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Marketing Research and Marketing Assignment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All marketing initiatives associated with the website will be free of charge, with the exception of buying Facebook advertisements, which will cost us 2.5 USD per day. The cost per customer for the first year will be 7.6 USD. In the first year, we will allocate 28.88% of our profits to marketing campaigns. We will virtualise a ll our storage facilities and servers to reduce on energy consumption. Objectives of the Research The intended objective of the Traffic Village site is to disseminate information about the real village to people of all ages and from all places. The major objective of the site is to provide information on traffic rules and regulation to the new generation of Abu Dhabi residents and future drivers. The target population are the children aged between 3 and 12 years. The website will provide information aimed at promoting road safety interactive activities between children and their parents. It will also contain such learning tools as educational videos, stories, and games. The educational tools are targeted at children within the abovementioned age bracket. Market Survey According to Puleston (2011), market surveys are important in the promotion of any product or service in the market. The surveys are used to determine the perceptions, preferences, tastes, fashions, and feelings of cus tomers in the target market. Companies use the findings from a market survey to design their products and services before introducing them in the market. There are several strategies through which surveys are conducted. They are conducted through emails, over the phone, online, or in person. To determine the effectiveness of the Traffic Village and the website we are designing, we conducted a survey in Abu Dhabi, which is the target market. The survey used a total of 15 informants. All the informants were parents in the city. The main aim of the survey was to ascertain the opinions of the parents with regard to the state of road safety in the city. The survey was also aimed at determining whether or not the parents support the initiative of training young children on the need for road safety. The questionnaire used in the survey was divided into two parts, part A and part B. The first part was used to gather information on general knowledge about driving among parents. The second se ction of the questionnaire was used to determine the age at which parents feel that children should begin driving. The set of questions that were used in the survey are shown in appendix 1.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Research Findings The findings made in the study are presented below for each of the two sections: General Information on Driving Question 1: Do you drive a car? Thirteen of the respondents indicated that they drive a car, while two do not drive. Cars are, therefore, an important means of transport in Abu Dhabi. Question 2: Are you aware of the police ‘Black Point System Rules’? Four respondents knew what â€Å"Black Point System Rules† were, while the rest did not know. To this end, it is concluded that there is widespread ignorance with regard to police traffic rules and road safety in the city. Question 3: Have you ever experienced a car accident while driving? All the respondents had experienced an accident at some time in the past as they were driving. Some of them sustained major injuries from the accidents, while others escaped unscathed. The rate of automobile accidents in the city is high.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Marketing Research and Marketing Assignment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Question 4: Do you agree that accidents occur because drivers are careless? 75% of the respondents pointed out that careless driving is a major cause of automobile accidents. Question 5: Are you in favour of stringent penalties and fines for violation of driving rules? 95% of the parents agreed that there is need for stringent driving rules in Abu Dhabi. Question 6: Do you agree that driving skills should be learnt at a tender age? Fourteen out of the 15 informants agreed that it is necessary to teach children how to drive safely. Question 7 : Would you like to enrol your children in a driving school at a young age?Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fourteen parents agreed that children should join a driving school at a young age. Question 8: Do you agree that it is better to learn driving at a young age than at old age? 14 out of 15 parents agreed that it is not wise to delay driving lessons until adulthood. The findings of this marketing survey are very crucial to the traffic village. The findings point out that parents agree on the need for a traffic village, which aims at teaching children how to drive safely and responsibly at a young age. The findings are summarised in the figure below: Figure 1:  Results for Part A: General Information on Driving Appropriate Age for Driving Concerning the right age to begin driving, six parents were in favour of 3 to 5 years age bracket, while four felt that 6 to 8 years was the appropriate age to begin driving lessons. The findings are summarised below: Figure 2:  Results for Part B: Appropriate Age for Driving Business Definition The traffic village website is the tool that wil l be used to represent an online presence for the Abu Dhabi traffic village, which is being created by the city’s police department. By coming up with the village, the police department aims at reducing the number of caused by avoidable road accidents in the United Arab Emirates. A case in point is the number of accidents reported in 2011 in the emirates. A total of 6,700 road accidents were reported during this period. 2,280 of these accidents were recorded in Abu Dhabi, claiming 334 lives. In the same year, the road violations in Abu Dhabi accounted for 46.4 per cent of all road violations in the country. In light of this sad reality, there is need to put in place effective programs that aimed at bringing back sanity on the roads. The traffic village’s website will introduce the traffic village that the Abu Dhabi Police are putting in place. The website will become the major tool of communication in the village. The site will sell and promote the village’s str ategy and disseminate safety information to the public. The site will be very useful in launching the village, especially for those who may not have the opportunity to attend the launch in person. It will provide everyone with the information they are interested in concerning the traffic village. The target geographical market for the site is Abu Dhabi and its districts. Our main competitor is Kidzania in Dubai. Kidzania is a series of entertainment joints targeted at city families. The centres are currently located in 11 cities. The facilities in these centres allow children aged between 4 and 16 years to actively participate in a hypothetical adult world. The children participate in this hypothetical world by working and earning Kidzo currency. Each Kidzania is designed like a real city with buildings, theatres, shops, and vehicles. The main themes in Kidzania include entertainment and role playing, while the main theme of the traffic village is road safety (Kidzania, 2012). The m ain competitor analysed above is a chain of Mexican entertainment centres with branches all over the world. However, the traffic village is an inherently Abu Dhabi project that aims at promoting road safety and responsibility in the city. The traffic village’s website is mainly concerned with training kids on how to use safety tools and kits. It also trains them on how they should respond in case of accidents or incidents on the road, at home, in malls, and in school. The major aim and theme of Kidzania is to train and prepare children for adulthood through entertainment and role-playing. On the other hand, our aim is to teach kids how to live safely, now and in the future. Because of the theme difference between the two concepts, Kidzania customers will have much to learn from the traffic village. In the future, the traffic village will become more competitive by working in collaboration with other partners who share the same objective. Such partners include, among others, c hildren television channels, the Ministry of Health, and the Roads and Transport Authority. The website will ensure that all the activities carried out in the village and by the partners are easily accessed by interested parties. At the beginning, all the services offered by the website will be free of charge. After the launch of the real village, however, sources of income will include subscriptions, online ticketing, membership charges, and newsletter fees. Currently, Kidzonia partners with such organisations as banks, restaurant, hospitals, and airlines. The centre relies more on one-day ticketing. The traffic village’s pricing website will aim at encouraging repeat visits by reducing the costs for subsequent visits and lowering the prices for the customers who stay for long in the site. The promotional techniques between Kidzania and the traffic village are almost similar. We will promote the village through social media, mainly from the website. The social sites that wil l be used include YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook. We will also promote the village through city tours and school visits. Currently, Kidzania is using all the above-mentioned methods apart from the school visits. Customer Profile As aforementioned, the traffic village website will target children aged between 3 and 12 years. The children will be the site’s major customers. However, it is expected that most of these children will be brought to the traffic village by their parents. Furthermore, in spite of the fact that the website is aimed at drawing the attention of the children, young adults and parents are the most likely people to use the internet. In this regard, we expect that parents will access the information online and bring their children to the village. However, to directly bring the information to our target customers, we will use a number of alternative initiatives. Most of the children falling within the age bracket mentioned above attend madrasas in the city. As such, we will collaborate with religious leaders and madrasa teachers to inform them about the website and about the village. We will also reach out to children from all the elementary schools in Abu Dhabi. In the schools, we will work together with teachers in classes. The children will be trained on how to use the internet and the social media, as well as receive training on general road safety. We will consult the city Municipality to allow us inform children and the general public of the traffic village and website at various recreation parks and gardens. The first on the program is the Al Mushrif Children’s Garden, which is located in Al Mushrif District, opposite the UAE National Theatre. Other parks that will be included in our program include the Capital Gardens, Al Nahyan Garden, the Khalidiya Garden, Khalifa Park, and the Al Khaldiah Kids Park. We will also place advertisements on national televisions. We will try and make sure that the adverts are aired during Sat urday morning kids’ shows and in the evenings during meals. The message communicated through the traffic village is very unique. The unique nature of the message is the main reason why we expect the traffic village’s website to be received positively by the clients. There are other organisations in Abu Dhabi working hard to reduce the number of road accidents in the city. A good example is the concerted effort between the Abu Dhabi Traffic Department, Ministry of Interior, the Emirates Traffic Society, and the Abu Dhabi Police Department. The organisations have come together to increase public awareness with regard to the need for road safety. However, such conventional campaigns have not taken advantage of the growing online community in Abu Dhabi. The traffic village’s website has a unique opportunity of using the growing interest in technology in the city to teach children the need for road safety. After the traffic village and the website are launched, we wi ll conduct market surveys after every six months to determine how the market is responding to the service. The periodic market surveys will also help the management to identify customer needs that are not met by the village and the website. At the end of every survey, our technical team will implement changes on the site to ensure that it reflects the needs of children in the city. In efforts to continually improve the site, we will ensure that the information presented there remains current and up-to-date. We will also make sure that the site is always informative and entertaining to the target market. To remain effective and relevant in the market, we will avoid posting information about the village only. Efforts will be made to expand the scope of the information presented there. We will continue gathering information about the entire industry and beyond so that the children and adults visiting the site will have a reason to come back. In addition to reaching out to children in e lementary school and in high school, we will have a section on the website aimed at ensuring that the road safety message remains fresh in the minds of adults. Such information is important because the needs and learning processes between adults and children are quite different. Furthermore, keeping adults informed about road safety statistics and other such information ensures they are in a better position to mentor and teach their young ones the need for road safety and responsibility Marketing Objectives and Strategies In this section, we will provide information touching on the marketing objectives and strategies we have adopted. The 4Ps analysis will be provided in this section. The 4Ps Analysis of the Website and the Village Product The current system, which is dubbed â€Å"My First License – I Know My Road Rules† is facing a number of challenges. One of the challenges is that it has a limited capability to create awareness on the need for safe driving. The new w ebsite will be designed to bring together all the information touching on driving and safety on an easy-to-use interface. In the plan, the website may appear to be a different project from the traffic village. However, it is important to note that the site is simply an online extension of the real village. The â€Å"virtual† traffic village will be a media centre that champions the objectives of the Abu Dhabi Police Department. The objective of the department is to enhance safety on the city’s roads through the development of a â€Å"real† traffic village. When the plan was being drafted, the Abu Dhabi Police Department was not aware of the creation of the website. The site will provide a social media interaction platform where information from both the developers and the consumers will be collected and shared. The information will be tailored to the needs of the city’s residents. By the time the traffic village is launched, the site will contain 4 to 5 p ages. Price As already indicated in this marketing plan, the services offered through the website will be free before the launch of the traffic village. However, we will make efforts to generate income from the site after the village is launched. We will use a penetration pricing strategy. According to Ellickson, Misra Nair (2012), a penetration pricing strategy sets prices below the average level in the market. The aim is to help the new product or service gain acceptance from consumers. As the site gains ground in the market, the prices of the services and products will slowly be increased to attain the current market price. We will use the strategy given that our major aim is not pursuit of immediate returns. On the contrary, our aim is to increase sales volumes and our market share. We expect that by using the strategy, we will enhance the speed of the adoption and diffusion of our products and services, which will culminate in fast market penetration. By using this approach, w e will deny our competitors the chance to respond in real-time. It is also expected that by using such a strategy, it will be possible to create goodwill among early adopters, who will spread the information further in the market. The strategy will also enhance our efficiency given that from the beginning, we will be able to effectively address the issue of cost reduction and cost control pressures. It will be an important competition barrier that will keep new entrants at bay. As the site becomes progressively commercialised, we expect to achieve a favourable stock turnover. The favourable stock turnover will go a long way in supporting the value chain. The main challenge in using the penetration pricing strategy is that it is quite hard to increase prices later on (Ellickson et al., 2012). However, we will focus on progressively adding value to the product before increasing the prices. Promotion We will use various avenues to promote the virtual traffic village. One of the main st rategies we will adopt is the use of social network advertising channels. Social networking will make it possible for us to exploit consumer demographics in the creation of our adverts. To begin with, we will use indirect advertising by creating an official Facebook page and a YouTube channel. We will also have a Twitter account. The next step will be direct advertising on Facebook. At this juncture, we will start purchasing adverts. The direct approach will allow us to target our information to the residents of Abu Dhabi. The use of paid media on Facebook will also enable us to determine the exact message we want to convey to our target market. In addition, purchasing Facebook adverts will help us to determine the social graphs of our fans on Facebook. We will exploit the network of friends on Facebook and other social sites to promote our product. For example, after providing incentive information to our fans, we expect them to share it with their friends on Facebook, Twitter, and other social networking sites. We will also post our articles in various article directories, such as www.EzineArticles.com, www.ValuableContent.com, www.GoArticles.com, www.Article99.com, www.eHow.com, www.ArticleDashBoard.com, and www.EasyArticles.com. Because we are working on a penetration pricing strategy and our costs have to be as low as possible, we will also use free online classifieds to reach out to our target market. The main online classified that will be used in the promotion campaign is www.craiglist.com. We will also use search engine optimization (SEO) to draw traffic from consumers searching the web on Google, MSN, and Yahoo. Place As already mentioned in this paper, the real village is situated in Abu Dhabi. The website is a representation of the traffic village. Consumers will be able to access the site from any place in the world and at any time of the day. The suggested official website will be www.thetrafficvillage.com. The site will be fully integrated and e asy to navigate given that the target audience is children aged between 3 and 12 years. The shopping cart will be located one click from the homepage and two clicks from our blog. The process of checking out after making a purchase will also be simplified because there will be an attendant ready to assist anyone who is making a purchase at any given time. The attendant will be trained on how to address the needs of experienced shoppers, as well as those of shoppers without online shopping experience. The aim of this is to make sure that all potential shoppers, regardless of their level of experience, feel appreciated and needed in the site. Many e-commerce customers end up not making a purchase because they cannot find what they are looking for. The site will be designed to accommodate those customers with a wide experience in online shopping and those who have never interacted with an e-commerce site. To enhance the visibility of all the products and services offered at the site, w e will ensure that all the photos and videos posted on the site are of high quality. It is noted that the quality of the videos and pictures posted on a given site determines how consumers rate that particular site. For example, a site with grainy pictures and low resolution videos is not rated highly. On the other hand, consumers are attracted to sites with high quality videos and pictures, which are more stimulating (visually) than poor quality media. We will make efforts to ensure that consumers regard us highly by using high quality videos and pictures. However, it is important to note that high quality videos may be too heavy to use on such websites. As such, they will require high speed internet, which the customer may be unable to access. Marketing Objectives, Marketing Strategies, and the Budget There are five requirements that should be met in launching the traffic village’s site. All the requirements call for a small initial financial outlay. The resources needed in clude a computer (available), a technical expert (available), research work (requires time), consultation (available), and design (intellectual capital). However, marketing the site, as well as the products and services offered at the real traffic village, will cost money. Nonetheless, the modes of promotion that we have opted for in marketing the site are relatively inexpensive. For instance, opening and running a Facebook page is free. The same goes for the opening and running of a Twitter account and a YouTube channel. Posting articles on article directories and on craiglist.com is also free. We will come up with our own articles to use in Search Engine Optimization. However, we will have to incur the cost of purchasing a domain name, web hosting, and direct Facebook advertising, where we are required to buy adverts. There are two ways to advertise on Facebook. The first one is referred to as CPM, which stands for Cost Per 1000 Impressions. The second one is CPC, which refers to Cost Per Click. Different marketers prefer different strategies for a number of reasons. The major considerations made in selecting the strategy to use include, among others, the costs associated with the strategy, the nature of the marketing campaign, the target audience, as well as the major objective of the marketing campaign. For example, the needs of a promotion campaign for beauty soap are different from the needs of a book advert. Out of the two strategies analysed above, most marketers prefer the second one, which is CPC. The major reason why it is preferred over CPM is that it is relatively cheap. CPM is used for the purpose of increasing brand awareness, but our objective in marketing is to achieve conversions, leads, and sales. As such, we will use CPC. It will be appropriate because we will only pay for the number of clicks on the website and our corresponding Facebook page. Facebook allows for advertisers to choose how much they want to spend each day, the minimum being 1 USD. We will advertise on Facebook at a cost of 2.5 USD each day. The cost of advertising will be 912 USD per year. It is important to bear in mind that we may not achieve voluminous sales in the first year. As such, the cost of advertising on Facebook is reasonable. In the first year, we expect to achieve sales of at least 4,200 USD from 120 customers. In this regard, the estimated cost per customer will be 7.6 USD. The cost is expected to drop to 3.8 USD in the second year as the number of customers increase. In the first year, 28.88% of the profits will be allocated to marketing. The budget for the first year is presented in appendix 2. Environmental Effect The department consuming more energy than others in a given organisation is facilities and information communication. The virtual village will be based online. According to an article posted on CNN.com by Farrah (2009), each search on Google releases an average of 20milligrams of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Download ing media, which includes such activities as listening to online radio, streaming videos, and chatting with friends, have a direct impact on energy consumption. Every search on the internet engages an energy consuming server. To address this challenge, we will virtualise all our servers and storage systems to cut our energy consumption by half. Implementation Timeline The table on appendix 3 illustrates how the project will be implemented. It is a Gantt chart showing the expected activities and their timeframe. References Ellickson, P., Misra, S., Nair, H. (2012). Repositioning dynamics and pricing strategy. Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), 49(6), 750-772. doi:10.1509/jmr.11.0068. Farrah, L. (2009). Greening the internet: How much CO2 does this article produce? Retrieved from http://edition.cnn.com/2009/TECH/science/07/10/green.internet.CO2/ Kidzania, (2012). What is Kidzania. Retrieved from https://dubai.kidzania.com/en-ae/pages/what-is-kidzania Puleston, J. (2011). Improving online surveys. International Journal of Market Research, 53(4), 557-560. doi:10.2501/IJMR-53-4-557-562. This report on Marketing Research and Marketing Assignment was written and submitted by user Ben Reilly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on The Writer

that form clear images for the reader. Through these images and symbols, Wilbur clearly illustrates a loving parent’s battle to sit back and see their daughter through tough times. There will come a time in a person’s life when he/she will have to be able to live on his/her own and be able to support themselves in order to survive. My parents decide that the best decision was for me to move out of the house for a summer when I turned nineteen. At first I was confused because I thought that I had done something for them to ‘throw me out of the house.’ After time though, I realized that this was the best decision in my life. I figured out that they do love and that this decision was the best decision that would help me become responsible and grow up. Now at the age of twenty-one I live on my own and I know what it takes to survive. When my parents first had me they loved me so much. Growing up they did everything for me. Whatever I needed they would get it. In a way they spoiled me so much that they realized that I depended on them far too much. All of a sudden at the age of nineteen they decided to in a sense ‘cut me off.â₠¬â„¢ They decided that I needed to start to become my own independent person. Not only was it going to be tough for me, but it was also going to be just as tough for my parents. They knew that at times it would be a great struggle to try and make ends meet, but they also knew that this would in a sense turn me into a man. In the poem, was the same thing going on? Did the speaker of the poem really love her daughter? Richard Wilbur’s use of tone and symbols will allow me to guarantee that the speaker had love for the daughter in the poem. The first stanza of the poem really tells it all: In her room at the prow of the house Where light break... Free Essays on The Writer Free Essays on The Writer â€Å"I wish her a lucky passage†(1117). This sentence is the key sentence in, â€Å"The Writer† by Richard Wilbur. Richard Wilbur uses key words that form clear images for the reader. Through these images and symbols, Wilbur clearly illustrates a loving parent’s battle to sit back and see their daughter through tough times. There will come a time in a person’s life when he/she will have to be able to live on his/her own and be able to support themselves in order to survive. My parents decide that the best decision was for me to move out of the house for a summer when I turned nineteen. At first I was confused because I thought that I had done something for them to ‘throw me out of the house.’ After time though, I realized that this was the best decision in my life. I figured out that they do love and that this decision was the best decision that would help me become responsible and grow up. Now at the age of twenty-one I live on my own and I know what it takes to survive. When my parents first had me they loved me so much. Growing up they did everything for me. Whatever I needed they would get it. In a way they spoiled me so much that they realized that I depended on them far too much. All of a sudden at the age of nineteen they decided to in a sense ‘cut me off.â₠¬â„¢ They decided that I needed to start to become my own independent person. Not only was it going to be tough for me, but it was also going to be just as tough for my parents. They knew that at times it would be a great struggle to try and make ends meet, but they also knew that this would in a sense turn me into a man. In the poem, was the same thing going on? Did the speaker of the poem really love her daughter? Richard Wilbur’s use of tone and symbols will allow me to guarantee that the speaker had love for the daughter in the poem. The first stanza of the poem really tells it all: In her room at the prow of the house Where light break...

Evalucation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evalucation - Essay Example Below are the evaluation methods that are going to be employed: In order for the project to be a success, a proper understanding of the targeted public is prime. In order to understand the public a couple of data collection methods has to be involved. These will include surveys and questionnaires (Dennis 2). There will also be small groups conducting outreach programs to outsource detailed information. In the evaluation of this stage of the campaign, the use of data from the surveys and questionnaires shall be analyzed. The information on interviews collected by the outreach groups will also be analyzed. The evaluation points should be based on the opinions and attitude of the public. If the full demographic information achieved is convincing (positive attitude and opinion), then moving to the next step will be smooth and easy based on the information at hand (Dennis 4). This campaign employed giveaways, brochures, events, promotions, social media and media outreach as the tactics that would enable the creation of a strong public relation and awareness to make them register with Park on Morton student apartments. The evaluation of each or a combination of the above mentioned is pertinent as this is the point in which the campaign fails or flourishes. The best way to attract the attention of the public is through the use of Giveaways and Brochures. There will be free T-Shirts, lanyards, pens sunglasses and well-designed water bottles. To evaluate the effect of the Giveaways and Brochures, the focus will me on the way the public receives them and their attitude towards them. If this process is a success, there are a couple of things that are likely to occur: there will be an improved customer visit to Park on Morton offices for registration and inquiries. The events will be conducted in collaboration with local companies such as Bloomington Bagel Company and Kilroy’s on Kirkwood, Dunkirk and spots.

Balanced Scorecard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Balanced Scorecard - Essay Example ard as a performance tool includes integrating all relevant facets into a comprehensively detailed report which apparently includes quality, shortens response time, manages on a longer-term perspective, reduces the number of times for new product launch, and emphasizes the value of teamwork. Likewise, there is also the acknowledged benefit of maximizing the potentials of organizational resources. The balanced scorecard concept and strategic performance measure is reported to be effectively implemented by initially establishing explicitly defined goals (quality, time, performance, service); as well as translating these goals into specifically designed measures or strategies of accomplishment. Finally, it was noted that the main responsibility and applicability of the balanced scorecard in the organization falls within the upper or senior levels of management; and performed by members of lower levels of

Realism In International Affairs Essay Example for Free

Realism In International Affairs Essay Realism in politics is a political philosophy, which tries to observe, shape and predict political relations. It is based upon assumption that power should be the primary goal of any political act, both in international or domestic sphere. As far as domestic affairs are concerned, this theory states that political figures are supposed to direct all efforts to maximizing their power. Accordingly, in the international sphere nation should aim at maximizing its power among other states. This theory can be regarded as a prescription to be followed by politicians and states or as a description of current affairs of the state or politician pursuing self-interest. Realism in politics is often defined as a principle of power supremacy, and it has a long history since the ancient times. It was reflected in Peloponnesian War by Thucydides. This theory was also touched by Machiavelli in his writing The Prince, as well as by other outstanding philosophers like Spinoza, Hobbes and Rousseau. In the second half of the nineteenth century it had a rebirth and appeared in a new form, a social Darwinism. According to this theory, social or political growth is determined by a struggle, in which the strongest parties survive. According to the theory of political realism, interests should be satisfied by means of power exercise, and the world is defined by competing powers. In this context, the adherents of Marxist theory refer to classes, while other political theorists to states. (Ahrensdorf) Political realism is explained in the following way: â€Å"Prior to the French Revolution in which nationalism as a political doctrine truly entered the worlds stage, political realism involved the political jurisdictions of ruling dynasties, whilst in the nineteenth century, nationalist sentiments focused realists attentions on the development of the nation-state, a policy that was later extended to include imperialist ambitions on the part of the major Western powers-Britain and France, and even Belgium, Germany and the United States were influenced by imperialism. † (Viotti, Kauppi). Important difference between social darwinism and other branches political realism is as follows: adherents of the former state that some nations are destined to rule over other nations, while other part of realists pays most attention to the need of ensuring that nation, culture or politician sets or secures own needs before needs or interests of others. Political realism in international affairs Political realism of an expressive kind stands for the suggestion that international commonwealth is distinguished by anarchy, since there is no absolute world government, that could rule with an all-purpose policy code. Since the anarchy does not need a chaotic nature, thus allowing member nations be involved into trading schemes or treaties, the theorists mostly agree that morality or law are not the dominating factors outside one particular state. In this particular characteristic this hypothesis agrees with the Hobb’s theory: Where there is no common Power, there is no Law: where no Law, no Injustice ? if there be no Power erected, or not great enough for our security; every man will and may lawfully rely on his own strength and art, for caution against all other men. (Hobbes, Leviathan , Part I, Ch. 13 Of Man, and Part II, Ch. 17, Of Commonwealth, cited in Griffiths, O’Callaghan). Respectively, without any supreme international force, nations treat each other with hostility or fear, and it damages the system. Another aspect of the theory is an assumption that a state can promote its interest against the needs and interests of other states, it proves that international surrounding is not stable. Any order is affected if states compete for the same need, and under such circumstances, as the realists state, the nation may rely on itself only. There are definite contradictions that can be found in the concept of political realism: descriptive realism may be regarded as a true theory or false concept. Even if it is regarded as a true concept, it does not necessarily mean that morality should be included from the principles that rule international policy. One of the strong forms if descriptive type of political realism states that states should be self-seeking, that they should build their policy basing upon desired gains of the nation and should not ignore their interests and demands. Simultaneously, â€Å"if descriptive realism is held, it is as a closed theory, which means that it can refute all counter-factual evidence on its own terms (for example, evidence of a nation offering support to a neighbor as an ostensible act of altruism, is refuted by pointing to some self-serving motive the giving nation presumably hasit would increase trade, it would gain an important ally, it would feel guilty if it didnt, and so on), then any attempt to introduce morality into international affairs would prove futile. † (Stern) The assessment of expressive kind of political realism power depends upon the chance of understanding political reasons, which requests understanding the causes of state diplomats and representatives. The pattern of officers’ relations, their motives and actions is complex. Waltz says that the closed nature of expressive realism includes a oppose scheme that nations does not serve any needs at all, or can serve the needs of others only. The logical value of the three theories resulting from this concept offers that preferring one condition to another is an optional decision, if an assumption is accepted, or not. (Waltz) The present international sphere of nations’ interaction is defined by the lack of supreme power. In the past, wars were a strong argument in support of political realism – there have been more than 200 wars since the middle of the 17th century. This condition seems to have a chaotic nature, and some thinkers are likely to compare it to domestic anarchy, when state government is not able to rule the state: ‘Without a world power, war, conflict, tension, and insecurity have been the regular state of affairs; just as a domestic government removes internal strife and punishes local crime, so too ought a world government control the activities of individual states-overseeing the legality of their affairs and punishing those nations that break the laws, and thereby calming the insecure atmosphere nations find themselves in†. (Kegley, Wittkopf) At the same time, such comparison leads to a conclusion that the relations between the state and the individuals are alike. Such argument includes the personification of the states and collectivization of individuals. Some theorists state that the relations between states and the citizens cannot be compared to the relations between the states and the relations of the individuals, and therefore should be differently judged. In addition to the propositions of descriptive realism, there are notions offered by prescriptive political realism, for instance, the statement that a certain nation should follow its own interests and needs independently of the relevant state of international relations. This theory can be divided into various aspects, depending upon proclaimed interest of the nation and the allowability of the tools that would be used to reach desired goals. As far as the national interest is concerned, there are distinct opinions of what it should be, but all of them agree that the state should be self-efficient in economical and political sphere, cutting dependency on other nations. (The Globalization of World Politics: an Introduction to International Relations) The statement supporting the supremacy of self-sufficiency of the state has appeared long time ago. Plato and Aristotle referred to this aspect as a ground necessary to provide security of the national power, they insisted that nation should import only insignificant commodities. This economic theory has been used for supporting political realism, especially in the 18th century the theorists of political sphere stated that the political power of the nation is reached and supported in the terms of reduced import and increased export only. Difference between neorealism and classical realism Conflict is regarded as a key element in politics, including international affairs, by all realists, however, there are two different sources of conflict, pointed out by different realist authors. For instance, classical realism theory starts with a pessimistic viewpoint on the human nature. As the adherents of this theory believe, selfish, competitive and striving for power behavior in inherent for the humans. Hans Morgenthau states that each individual is enforced to act uncaringly to protect himself, and this situation leads to the disagreement: â€Å"What the one wants for himself, the other already possesses or wants, too. Struggle and competition ensue. Man cannot [therefore] hope to be good, but must be content with not being too evil†. (Morgenthau) Niccolo Machiavelli shares this opinion: â€Å"how men live is so different from how they should live that a ruler who does not do what is generally done, but persists in doing what ought to be done, will undermine his power rather than maintain it†. (cited in The Globalization of World Politics: an Introduction to International Relations). These ideas performed specific approach to a strategy applied in international affairs: a careful statesman must avoid optimistic view on others’ aims and intentions and limits their initiatives to those that may help if the situation goes better. For instance, Henry Kissinger warned the leaders of the USA and Israeli against the intentions of Syria and Palestine, during the negotiations on Middle East conflict: â€Å"It is likely that agreements will be reached because the alternatives will, in the end, seem more dangerous. But when this happens, we must avoid euphoria. An agreement will represent a strategic interlude for the Syrians and most of the Palestinians, not a commitment to a new world order. † (Legro, Moravcsik) In other words, classical type of realism regards conflict and competition as essential element of international affairs, referring the origin of conflict to the human nature. Humans struggle with each other for resources they need and strive for power to rule over other people. This is a set pattern, which cannot be changed. Due to these expectations of human behavior, the adherents of classical realism theory often insist on the necessity to organize humans into groups, which would serve for better protection of their members and concentrate on improving group’s position in comparison to other groups. Another theory, neorealism or structural realism, refers the origin of conflict to interstate condition, the lack of legally restricting rules in particular, rather than to human nature. The adherents of neorealism state, that â€Å"the absence of a neutral authority that can enforce rules and agreements creates an insecure, self-help situation in which all policy makers are pressured to act competitively, regardless of their individual natures or personal preferences. † (Kegley, Wittkopf) This statement is not new, it appeared in the 17th century in the work of Thomas Hobbes. In his writing Leviathan he states that the in the world, which lacks supreme power that could provide security, people has a right to use any tools to protect themselves. Besides, he assumed that â€Å"all mankind [has] a per ¬petual and restless desire of power after power that ceases only in death. † (cited in The Globalization of World Politics: an Introduction to International Relations) Modern tradition in neorealist theory declines the assumption that individuals strive for power due to a natural inclination, and concentrates on the motives produced by a lack of a neutral power that can set rules for interstate relations. For instance, Kenneth Waltz says that â€Å"the main cause of war must lie in some regularity at the level of the interstate system, rather than within particular leaders or states, since war has been waged for all sorts of specific reasons and by good as well as bad leaders. † (Waltz) According to Waltz, this regularity is the pressure, produced by anarchy: â€Å"Without enforceable interstate rules, states must either resist possible domination by others through a policy of balancing against others power capabilities, or by bandwagoning-joining a coalition that supports an aggres ¬sive state, in hopes of turning its aggression elsewhere†. (Waltz) Waltz states that large states possess the capacity and desire to withstand the strength of other states. This results, as he sees it, in a tendency of competitiveness among states independently of the views of their leaders concerning domestic policy. Actually, the prediction of this statement is not much different from the assumption made by the adherents of classical realism. As soon as it is based on the assumptions concerning human nature, classic realists expect that the makers of policy also act competitively. The difference lies in the way this conclusion is reached. As Waltz sees it, this is the pressure of competitiveness, produced by anarchy, which significantly influences the human behavior. Those strategies that are oriented on power, appear because the leaders are forced to struggle for security, rather than because they desire just to obtain power. Realistic approach in modern international affairs Realism was a concept for analyzing world politics since remote times, because much of humankind history was characterized by wars. As soon as the states’ interests come across in conflict, it is expected that leaders pay much attention to their positions in power. â€Å"The classical realist worldview appealed to many statesmen during the period that states were evolving in Western Europe-an era rife with conflict, as medieval forms of rule broke down and rulers asserted new claims to authority against feudal lords or the Pope. It jumped to the United States when the experiences of World War II were followed by the onset of the Cold War. Neorealism later emerged when the bipolarity of the Cold War drew analysts attention to the effects of the structure of the interstate system†. (Lieven, Hulsman). At present, ethical realism is offered to the USA as a leading principle that should define the foreign policy of this state. As it is described by the supporters of this type of realism, it bases upon â€Å"prudence; a concentration on possible results rather than good intentions; a close study of the nature, views and interests of other states, and a willingness to accommodate them when these do not contradict Americas own truly vital interests; and a mixture of profound American patriotism with an equally profound awareness of the limits on both American power and on American goodness† (Lieven, Hulsman). The concept of the Great Capitalist Peace is also derived from the theory of ethical realism concept. It is based upon the ideas of Kennan and Morgenthau, including the concepts of diplomacy purposes and international order. It proclaims that a global order is needed to be agreed by the largest states, to provide the promotion of their interests and reduce the threat of terrorists. Accordingly, the USA power is treated as an element, vital for keeping the Great Capitalist Peace. At the same time, it is added that the limits should be put on the US power, in order to legitimate interests and needs of other states should be satisfied. Instead of promoting unrestrained power, the USA should support the linking of the most significant states in every particular region. For instance, in the Middle East region the USA should use its power and resources to support creation of a regional patter for the states, including Syria and Iran, and to make this pattern functional enough to regulate Iraq conflict after withdrawal of the US troops from this country. (Lieven, Hulsman) As far as the Far East is concerned, the USA should paid attention to the primary role, which should be played by China in this region, but not by the United States. China is treated as a state, ready to act in cooperation with other states and act responsibly, that’s why USA should allow China to occupy a leading position in finding resolutions to the actions of the regime in the North Korea, and other possible challenges in this region. (Lieven, Hulsman) Sources Waltz, K. N. Structural Realism after the Cold War. International Security. Summer. 2000 Morgenthau, H. J. Politics Among Nations: the Struggle for Power and Peace. McGraw Hill: NY, 1993. Stern, G. The Structure of International Society. London: Pinter Publishers, 2000. The Globalization of World Politics: an Introduction to International Relations. edited by Baylis, J. and S. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2004 Griffiths, M. , O’Callaghan, T. International Relations: The Key Concepts. London, Routledge, 2002 Kegley, C. Wittkopf, E. World Politics. Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005. Viotti, P. R. Kauppi, M. V. International Relations Theory: Realism, Pluralism, Globalism. Macmillan Pub Co, 1993. Legro, J. W. Moravcsik, A. Is Anybody Still a Realist? International Security. Fall 1999 Jervis, R. Realism, Neoliberalism, and Cooperation.. International Security. Summer 1999 Ahrensdorf, P. J. Thucydides realistic critique of realism. Polity Winter 1997 Lieven, A. Hulsman, J. Americas World Role Has to be Realistic and Moral. October 17, 2006, retrieved at http://www. realisticforeignpolicy. org/archives/2006/10/americas_world. php.

The Scarlet Letter (colors) :: essays research papers

Essay: The Scarlet Letter-Colors Throughout the novel, 'The Scarlet Letter,'; Nathaniel Hawthorne illustrates the themes with various dramatic colors. Of the array are the colors green and gold, where green symbolizes different aspects of nature such as tranquility, security, and gloominess, whereas gold represents all that pertains to luxuriance, serenity and goodness. In certain chapters, it seems as if one color is codependent with the other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The implication of the color green was most abundant in chapter sixteen, where Hawthorne used much description to depict the dreariness within the woods, yet adding a sense of security to it all. 'Here they sat down on a luxuriant heap of moss, which, at some epoch of the preceding century, had been a gigantic pine, with its root and trunk in the darksome shade…'; (177) There is, apparently, plenty of references to the color green. Not only does green represent nature in general, its reference to the forest is also the very depiction of freedom. Nobody watches in the woods to report misbehavior, thus it is here that people may do as they wish.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The color gold is of dominance in this novel. It is used frequently to describe richness and luxuriance. 'On the breast of her gown, in fine red cloth surrounded with an elaborate embroidery and fantastic flourishes of gold thread, appeared the letter 'A.''; (60) However, it carries an even more important reference to the sun in chapter sixteen, the sun also symbolizing guilt-free happiness. Pearl seems to absorb the sunlight while it flees from Hester and her mark of sin. In chapter eighteen, the two colors, green and gold, intertwines and implicates pure serenity. Amidst the green, lush forest, Hester takes the letter off her bosom and instantly transforms into a new person, a person finally revealing herself from under a shield of shame.

7P’s of AirAsia Essay

Product can be differentiating at the services marketing as intangible goods or services [Rafliq. M & Ahmed. P. K. 1995].This means that services are provided by the Airasia also can classify as a product. Airasia had extended its services to different part of world. The research was found that, the majority of respondent was moderately satisfied in every part of product. When considering in each part of product researcher found that, respondents satisfied in part of quality of food and beverage, AirAsia magazine, variety of food & beverage and AirAsia souvenir respectively. 3.2 Price Price is for the marketers to deciding a pricing strategy and the amount a customer willing to pays for the product [Rafliq. M & Ahmed. P. K. 1995]. From the total sample of this research it was found that, the majority of respondent was moderately satisfied in every part of price. When considering in each part of price researcher found that, respondents were satisfied in part of the worth of price compared with distance, pre-booking meal (get 20 percent discount), price of food & beverage, pick a seat (add RM 50) and excess baggage charge (add RM 50 ) respectively. 3.3 Place From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of place [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. Is that convenience for the consumers to buy their products? When considering in each part of place, researcher found that there were two points of that had the same rating as the most satisfied; booking ticket via AirAsia’s website and payment through credit card, the second was there are many destinations available and next was check-in counters are available and sufficient and lastly was Air-Malaysia counter service. 3.4 Promotion From the total sample of the research was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of promotion [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of promotion, researcher found that the  most satisfaction was promotion for new destination, the second was promotion for special festival or events and frequent advertisement and next was promotion for booking ticket including hotel room, finally was condition of promotion accuracy and easy to understand. 3.5 People From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of people [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of people, the researcher found that there were two points that had the same rating as most satisfied; Booking ticket via AirAsia’s website and payment through credit card, the second was there are many destinations available and next was Check-in counters are available and sufficient and lastly was AirAsia counter service. 3.6 Process From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of process [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of process, the researcher found that the most satisfactions in part of process was information about schedule, destination on AirAsia’s website, suitability of flight schedules, fast check-in process, depart and arrive on time and get baggage rapidly. 3.7 Physical Evidence From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was moderately satisfied level in every part of physical evidence [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of physical evidence researcher found that, respondents were satisfied in part of space of storage compartment and demonstrate the emergency instrument, cleanliness of cabin and lavatory, seat position and comfort of cabin seat respectively.

Cement and Concrete - An Overview

If you think of bricks as artificial rocks, cement might be considered artificial lava—a liquid stone that is poured into place where it hardens into solidity. Cement and Concrete Many people talk about cement when they mean concrete. Cement is a fine-grained compound that turns into a solid when mixed with water. Cement is used to bind mixtures of materials into a composite solid.Concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, and gravel. That is, cement is the glue of concrete. Now that thats clear, lets talk about cement. Cement begins with lime. Lime, the First Cement Lime is a substance used since ancient times to make useful things like plaster and mortar. Lime is made by burning, or calcining, limestone—and thats how limestone gets its name. Chemically, lime is calcium oxide (CaO) and is made by roasting calcite (CaCO3) to drive off carbon dioxide (CO2). That CO2, a greenhouse gas, is produced in great quantities by the cement industry. Lime is also called quicklime or calx (from Latin, where we also get the word calcium). In old murder mysteries, quicklime is sprinkled on victims to dissolve their bodies because it is very caustic. Mixed with water, lime slowly turns into the mineral portlandite in the reaction CaO H2O Ca(OH)2. Lime is generally slaked, that is, mixed with an excess of water so it stays fluid. Slaked lime continues to harden over a period of weeks. Mixed with sand and other ingredients, slaked lime cement can be packed between stones or bricks in a wall (as mortar) or spread over the surface of a wall (as render or plaster). There, over the next several weeks or longer, it reacts with CO2 in the air to form calcite again—artificial limestone! Concrete made with lime cement is known from archaeological sites in both the New and Old World, some more than 5000 years old. It works extremely well in dry conditions. It has two drawbacks: Lime cement takes a long time to cure, and while the ancient world had lots of time, today time is money.Lime cement does not harden in water but stays soft, that is, it is not a hydraulic cement. So there are situations where it cannot be used. Ancient Hydraulic Cement The Pyramids of Egypt are said to contain a hydraulic cement based on dissolved silica. If that 4500-year-old formula can be confirmed and revived, it would be a great thing. But todays cement has a different pedigree that is still quite ancient. Around 1000 BCE, the ancient Greeks were the first to have a lucky accident, mixing lime with fine volcanic ash. Ash can be thought of as naturally calcined rock, leaving silicon in a chemically active state like the calcium in calcined limestone. When this lime-ash mixture is slaked, a whole new substance is formed: calcium silicate hydrate or what cement chemists call C-S-H (approximately SiCa2O4Â · xH2O). In 2009, researchers using numerical modeling came up with the exact formula: (CaO)1.65(SiO2)(H2O)1.75. C-S-H is still a mysterious substance today, but we know it is an amorphous gel without any set crystalline structure. It hardens fast, even in water. And it is more durable than lime cement. The ancient Greeks put this new cement to use in new and valuable ways, building concrete cisterns that survive to this day. But Roman engineers mastered the technology and constructed seaports, aqueducts and temples of concrete as well. Some of these structures are as good as ever today, two thousand years later. But the formula for Roman cement was lost with the fall of the Roman empire. Modern research continues to uncover useful secrets from the ancients, such as the unusual composition of Roman concrete in a breakwater built in 37 BCE, which promises to help us save energy, use less lime and produce less CO2. Modern Hydraulic Cement While lime cement continued in use throughout the Dark and Middle Ages, true hydraulic cement was not rediscovered until the late 1700s. English and French experimenters learned that a calcined mixture of limestone and claystone could be made into hydraulic cement. One English version was dubbed Portland cement for its resemblance to the white limestone of the Isle of Portland, and the name soon extended to all cement made by this process. Shortly thereafter, American makers found clay-bearing limestones that yielded excellent hydraulic cement with little or no processing. This cheap natural cement made up the bulk of American concrete for most of the 1800s, and most of it came from the town of Rosendale in southern New York. Rosendale was practically a generic name for natural cement, although other manufacturers were in Pennsylvania, Indiana, and Kentucky. Rosendale cement is in the Brooklyn Bridge, the U.S. Capitol building, most 19th-century military buildings, the base of the Statue of Liberty and many other places. With the rising need to maintain historic structures using historically appropriate materials, Rosendale natural cement is being revived. True portland cement slowly gained popularity in America as standards advanced and the pace of building quickened. Portland cement is more expensive, but it can be made anywhere the ingredients can be assembled instead of relying on a lucky rock formation. It also cures faster, an advantage when building skyscrapers a floor at a time. Todays default cement is some version of portland cement. Modern Portland Cement Today limestone and clay-containing rocks are sintered—roasted together at nearly melting temperature—at 1400Â ° to 1500Â °C. The product is a lumpy mixture of stable compounds called clinker. Clinker contains iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) as well as silicon and calcium, in four main compounds: Alite (Ca3SiO5)Belite (Ca2SiO4), known to geologists as larniteAluminate (Ca3Al2O6)Ferrite (Ca2AlFeO5) Clinker is ground to powder and mixed with a small amount of gypsum, which slows down the hardening process. That is Portland cement. Making Concrete Cement is mixed with water, sand, and gravel to make concrete. Pure cement is useless because it shrinks and cracks; its also much more expensive than sand and gravel. As the mixture cures, four main substances are produced: C-S-HPortlanditeEttringite (Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12Â · 26H2O; includes some Fe)Monosulfate ([Ca2(Al,Fe)(OH)6] Â · (SO4,OH,etc) Â · xH2O) The details of all this are an intricate specialty, making concrete as sophisticated a technology as anything in your computer. Yet basic concrete mix is practically stupid-proof, simple enough for you and me to use.