Didi Holdstock Oscar Nomination Film Studies Essay

To: The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. This twelvemonth ‘s Best Picture Category nominations should be Steven Spielberg ‘s Jurassic Park. The adventure-filled movie shows narrative transitivity through the continuously progressing, capturing secret plan and the usage of realistic cinematography and station production techniques such as particular effects, wildsound and lighting every bit good as the carefully devised screenplay which displays a subject of scientific discipline versus moralss. The cinematic shootings of Jurassic Park merit to be applauded because of the attentive framing, angle and motion of each shooting in the movie. For illustration, the long shooting of the first visual aspect of the Tyrannosaurus Rex where the camera is placed at oculus degree, as if the spectator is literally some distance from the existent mayhem and the handheld camera moves with the T-Rex, yanking down and up with each, slow measure it takes – demoing the full length and power of the immense dinosaur. In add-on, an illustration of first-class cinematic shootings is Nedry ‘s brush with a Dilophosaurus. The camera cuts through several types of shootings: a low angled long shooting with the camera traveling as the eyes of the dinosaur through the tall grass, an extreme close up, over the shoulder shooting of the dinosaur with Nedry ‘s face in the spread between the flaps of its caput and a low angled medium shooting where the rib coop and external respiration of the dinosaur is highlighted with Nedry ‘s organic structure prevarication in the background. The assortment and specialness of the different shootings in Jurassic Park are exceeding. There is even an aerial shooting as a bull is lifted into the lair of the Velociraptors. In connexion with Nedry ‘s brush with the Dilophosaurus, the importance of coloring material is depicted through his bright xanthous rain coat amongst the green and browns of nature – Spielberg has brightened the scene through coloring material. Throughout the movie, he uses natural, bland colorss. Global, people can do the connexion between nature and escapade in Jurassic Park. This is another illustration of the intelligence of the manager. Furthermore, the lighting pays a cardinal function in the illustriousness of a movie and Jurassic Park is really familiar with this construct. In a specific scene, the kids and Dr. Grant wake up to a picturesque position of many diplodocuses. The subdued lighting of the landscape creates a composure, comforting temper after the on-going pandemonium in the old scenes. Silhouettes are created when Spielberg places the histrions in the lab, with a dorsum visible radiation behind two round Windowss – making deepness to the scene and doing the spectator feel insecure by the out of use visible radiation, adding to the suspense of the scenario. An first-class usage of cardinal lighting is used when a Velociraptor equals through the round window of the kitchen door with the light bright on the left, go forthing merely the right manus side of the dinosaur ‘s face distinguishable. Furthermore, the sound effects in a movie are of equal, if non greater importance to lighting. Both have the ability to alter the temper of the spectator and create pragmatism within the movie. In Jurassic Park, the most distinguished sounds are the dinosaurs booms. Each one holding its alone sound, enabling the spectator to match sounds with specific dinosaurs. Realism is besides created through wildsound, for illustration, the uninterrupted rain in the movie. The non-synchronous sound of Jurassic Park ingeniously alters the temper of the spectator. For illustration, when the characters thirstily try to get away from the Velociraptors, the music is fast-paced and becomes about baleful, doing the spectator anticipate their destiny. Or, another illustration is when Dr. Sattler runs through the jungle in her chase to return power to the park: the music is fast-paced and tense, but when she enters the edifice, the door sweep behind her seting an instantaneous halt to the non-synchronous sound, go forthing merely the sound of her heavy external respiration. The spectator ‘s pulse now has the chance to return to normal. Anticipation, suspense and tenseness are critical in a scientific discipline fiction escapade movie. Not merely are the cinematic techniques superb, but the chosen cast – including the astounding extended dramatis personae of attractively built dinosaurs – proved to be extremely successful in Jurassic Park. Their endowment, as histrions, is esteemed. This is clearly depicted throughout the movie through their natural behavior and facial looks ( as seen in their first brush of dinosaurs where the daze of Dr. Grant and Dr. Sattler is utterly converting. ) Even the kids of Jurassic Park are first-class histrions. In the kitchen scene the kids are forced to expose their best visual aspect of fright and insecurity when they are trapped by Velociraptors. Lex Murphy is perceptibly exceeding at this when she shrieks in fright whilst seeking to shut herself in a compartment of the counter. Good playing is indispensable in a movie to maintain viewing audiences interested and keep a sense of pragmatism. In the instance of Jurassic Park, barely any betterments in moving could be m ade. Further, there are many motives, symbols and subjects viewing audiences may come across in Jurassic Park. Such as John Hammond ‘s imprudency to construct the park because he can afford to, the contention of scientific discipline versus moralss – whether making life which was one time nonextant is morally right and Nedry, the computer-network applied scientist who amorally steals the embryos from the lab after being ‘paid off. ‘ Viewing audiences are left in expectancy of a surprising message when a streamer stating: â€Å" When dinosaurs ruled the Earth † flows over the scene in the dramatis personae ‘s last brush with dinosaurs. Throughout the movie, Spielberg inquiries the moralss of adult male. Hence, Jurassic Park is shooting at its best. Every facet of the movie is illustrated to flawlessness. The cameraman, manager and manufacturer must be extremely commended for their successful scientific discipline fiction escapade movie. It is possible that the subject vocal may still be recognised and enjoyed in the decennaries that follow its release. With the most advanced particular effects and shooting techniques the universe has seen this twelvemonth, Jurassic Park deserves an award every bit elite as that of the Best Picture Category.

Greek or Shakespearean Essay

The essential component to any tragedy, Greek or Shakespearean, is a protagonist with a fatal flaw. In Greek tragedy this is called hamartia. This Latin term translates directly into the word â€Å"flaw† but is usually used to describe an excess of a personality trait – virtue or vice. The protagonist’s fatal flaw pushes the the plot and action of the tragedy forward. It is this tragic flaw, which leads to the eventual downfall of the character, his circumstances, and the denouement of the drama. In examining the bulk of the literature’s protagonists, no other character embodies the essential role of the flawed protagonist like Hamlet. Hamlet’s fatal flaw is his idealism. Only once Hamlet overcomes his idealism is he able to seek his revenge. The climax of the play occurs with Hamlet’s realization that the world is not as it seems and that he must shrug off his idealistic values and avenge his father’s murder Act 3, scene 4. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, act 3 scene 4, is a pivotal scene within the play. The scene begins in the Queen’s chamber, as Hamlet slams the door open, with sword in hand. They engage in a dialogue of riddles combined with Hamlet’s mishandling of the weapon makes the Queen uneasy. Hamlet is upset at the Queen for marrying his father’s brother. The Queen screams â€Å"Thou wilt not murder me? Help, ho! † and as Polonius responds, Hamlet promptly shoves his sword into the curtain where Polonius hides and swiftly kills him. Hamlet wonders if it was the King, half hoping that it was Claudius, who Hamlet has been trying to kill the whole play. He fantasies about killing him, in the previous scene, he states â€Å"In th’ incestuous pleasure of his bed. † Hamlet is consumed by the idea of Claudius and Gertrude making love. Once he knows that he only killed Polonius he continues to scold him mother. She responds â€Å"†In th’ incestuous pleasure of his bed† and Hamlet replies † A bloody deed. Almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king and marry with his brother. † Again Hamlet contrasts the two brothers that Gertrude has become involved with. Hamlet must avenge his father’s death. In doing so he must not only kill Claudius but also resurrect his father. He does this by outlining how his father’s good qualities compare to his uncle’s bad qualities. Hamlet laments: Look here upon this picture, and on this, The counterfeit presentment of two brothers. See what a grace was seated on this brow, Hyperion’s curls, the front of Jove himself,. . . This was your husband. Look you now what follows. Here is your husband, like a mildew’d ear Blasting his wholesome brother. Hamlet contrasts the two brothers which he claims are completely the opposite. Hamlet believes that Gertrude might has mistaken one for the other. Hamlet continues to verbally assault his mother. Much of what he says is a rephrasing of Hamlet’s first solioquy, â€Å"frailty thy name is woman† as well as Hamlet aggressive behavior toward Ophelia in the nun scene. Act 3, scene 4 is the part of the play when the climax happens. Hamlet must first confront the cause of this murder, Queen Gertrude. It is within in this scene that Hamlet gets his first taste of vengenance and murder when he easily kills Polonius. After this murder, Hamlet decides he can and must kill his father’s murderer, Claudius. However, Hamlet’s leaves his mother alone because his father’s ghost appears and advises Hamlet to â€Å"Leave her to heaven†. Hamlet respects and loves his father in life and also in death and adheres to the ghost’s advice. Hamlet’s goal is to bring back his father’s reign not just by pointing out Claudius’ faults but also by humiliating his mother and her new world to trash. Hamlet continues: Have you eyes? Could you on this fair mountain leave to feed And batten on this moor? Ha, have you eyes? Hamlet is trying to convince his mother give up her new life with Claudius, to find her loyalty to her dead husband, and back to the way things used to be. Hamlet takes the role of â€Å"scourge and minister,† and tells her she can redeem herself from being a whore to being the good wife she used to be. Hamlet advises her to leave Claudius, â€Å"the moor† and climbs up on her dead husband’s â€Å"mountain†. Hamlet explains â€Å" throw away the worser part† of your cleft heart, Hamlet instructs her, â€Å"And live the purer with the other half. † However, Hamlet, as much as he wants to love his mother, can not get past his belief that she is responsible for his father’s death. It is important to note that this scene takes place in the Queen’s bedroom. The conversation symbolized Hamlet and Gertrude essentially â€Å"in bed† together and hints to a sexual relationship. Hamlet speaks like a jealous lover chastising his girlfriend for sleeping with a different man and making their bed â€Å"enseamed†. The Queen is extremely upset and actually asks Hamlet to help her figure out what to do. At this point when Hamlet should have told her to confess, he urges her to stop her relationship with Claudius, â€Å"Not this, by no means, that I bid you do: Let the bloat king tempt you again to bed† (Act III, sc iv). It is in the moment that Hamlet allows his emotion to dominate over his intellect that Claudius was killed. He is consumed by the thoughts of his father’s demise and is haunted by the knowledge that his father’s soul will not be able to rest until his death is avenged. Hamlet willfully concludes, â€Å"My thoughts be bloody or be nothing worth† (Act IV sc iv). It is then that Hamlet finally had the ability to suppress his idealistic nature, and do what is right. The murder is not a well planned scheme and occurs in the heat of the moment. Hamlet, after the murder of Claudius never once wavers in his decision. He has done what is right and believes that â€Å"There is a special providence in the fall of a sparrow† (Act V sc ii). Hamlet is able to do anything but take vengeance upon the man who did away with his father and has taken his father’s place with his mother. The pain which should have caused him to take immediate revenge was replaced by pity for himself. It is Hamlet’s idealistic nature that creates the ultimate theme and driving force behind all the rising action, falling action, and resolution of this tragedy as well as the death of his mother. The way in which Hamlet views his mother, father, and Claudius is finally revealed in Act 3, scene 4. Once Hamlet is able to be honest about his feelings, he is able to finally seek revenge for his father’s murder. This scene is pivotal to denouement of the play and essential to Hamlet’s transformation from a boy to man who embodies the important qualities which were cherished and expect by an Elizabethan audiences.

Anchoring script for student Orientation in university

1.List down Industry domains where Data warehousing technologies have been deployed? 2. List and define the OLAP operations. 3. What are the data integration challenges and how to cater them? OLAP Operations One of the most compelling front-end applications for OLAP is a PC spreadsheet program. Below is the list of some popular operations that are supported by the multidimensional spreadsheet applications. Roll-up Takes the current aggregation level of fact values and does a further aggregation on one or more of the dimensions. Equivalent to doing GROUP BY to this dimension by using attribute hierarchy. Decreases a number of dimensions removes row headers. SELECT [attribute list], SUM [attribute names] FROM [table list] WHERE [condition list] GROUP BY [grouping list]; Drill-down Opposite of roll-up. Summarizes data at a lower level of a dimension hierarchy, thereby viewing data in a more specialized level within a dimension. Increases a number of dimensions adds new headers Slice Performs a selection on one dimension of the given cube, resulting in a sub-cube. Reduces the dimensionality of the cubes.  Sets one or more dimensions to specific values and keeps a subset of dimensions for selected values. Dice  Define a sub-cube by performing a selection of one or more dimensions. Refers to range select condition on one dimension, or to select condition on  more than one dimension. Reduces the number of member values of one or more dimensions. Pivot (or rotate) Rotates the data axis to view the data from different perspectives. Groups data with different dimensions. Drill-across Accesses more than one fact table that is linked by common dimensions. Combines cubes that share one or more dimensions. Drill-through Drill down to the bottom level of a data cube down to its back-end relational tables. Cross-tab Spreadsheet style row/column aggregates.

Ascene of peace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ascene of peace - Essay Example I could feel the cool breeze touching my face and filling me with energy and joy. I sat beside the sea watching the waves and the morning hues in the sky, I stopped the music and removed the headphone .I was soon lost in the mesmerizing view of the sunrise. It was still early and there were not many people around. The sea was calm, and then came a roaring wave hitting the shore , again it was still and so quite that you could hear the whistle of the breeze. I closed my eyes and felt the moment. This must be the kind of moment that must have inspired Wordsworth and Tennyson in many of their wonderful creations, I was so much lost in the scene of peace that I forgot all my worries and soon there were sounds of the birds and vendors setting up their counters selling food with the sun shining bright above the sea. I started walking back home enriched with morning’s delightful experience, my mind was no more pondering over the worldly affairs. I could hear the music of rustle of the leaves, chirping of the birds and the whistle of the breeze and I was overwhelmed by the peace of mind I felt after a sleepless night. Later that day my meeting went smooth and I realized that sometimes life’s easier than we can even think of, we seldom realize that real happiness is in small things we generally tend to ignore, because we have grown so materialistic and complex creatures that we search happiness in materialistic things, unfortunately the main factor which is dragging us away from feeling the essence of real life. That morning’s experience once again brought me closer to myself, and when I went to bed that night, Wordsworth’s lines from his classic rhyme Daffodils clicked

Response papers Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response papers - Movie Review Example Rain Man is an American drama movie produced in 1988. It narrates the tale of two brothers, one a selfish, abrasive young man (Charlie Babbitt), and the other an autistic savant (Raymond Babbitt). As the tagline states, it is â€Å"a journey through understanding and fellowship† (Internet Movie Database, 2015). Charlie is in the middle of a financial crisis and finds out that his father has died and handed down the multimillion-dollar family estate to his other son. He is only left with his late father’s car and rose bushes. He investigates where the money is directed and discovers it is sent to a mental institution where his brother (whom he never knew) lives. Charlie wants to get control of the money by attempting to become his brother’s legal guardian. They commence on a long trip back to Los Angeles by road and on the way they discover they actually enjoy each other’s company. By the end of the movie, it is evident that Charlie has changed his attitude towards life and love, in general. The main theme expressed by the movie is that people can change to accept the disabled in our society. It also shows that the disabled possess rare abilities, apart from the shortcomings that other people impose on them. For instance, Charlie discovers that Raymond is an autistic savant; he has an excellent memory and amazing mathematical capabilities. The movie is about change. Unlike his elder brother, Raymond, who remains the same throughout the movie, Charlie transforms from the self-centered young man to one who loves those close to him and sees things from their perspective. The plot shows that the problem lies not in the disabled but the society. The movie is very similar to the article Confronting Ableism by Thomas Hehir. He claims that changing our attitude and approach in dealing with the handicapped is the solution to end stigmatization. Potok (2002) is of the same idea. We need to change how we label people with disabilities and accept

Community Paper - Assignment B Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Community Paper - Assignment B - Essay Example Individuals can also belong to psychological communities, which involve personal interaction governed by sentiments of trust, collaboration, and altruism. This definition by Aristotle expanded to acknowledge that the world has contracted into a global village. One characteristic of such a community is bringing together of isolated individuals giving rise to communities which are unrestricted by geographical location. With the emergence of information technology there has been a creation of networks and cyber communities that link organizations and individuals across the globe through the internet irrespective of national boundaries (Stuckey, 2008). A community is a network of self-organized individuals with a common cause, agenda, or interest and these individuals collaborate by sharing information, ideas, and other resources with an aim of progression. In this regard, virtual communities consist of individuals in an online discussion on matters of common concern, or of those who fre quent a certain website for such purposes as socialization. This, therefore, implies that a community is a cluster of individuals with a common interest that arise from their association. An instance of a community is a college community, which involves individuals attending college. A neighborhood community comprises of people who live in a neighborhood and an online community made up of members of a certain website such as Facebook. Characteristics of a community The common defining characteristics of a community have common components, which are the people in the community, social interaction, common ties, and a place. Stuckey (2008), notes that the most essential characteristic of a community is the people People The people in a community involve a group of individuals who possess common initiatives. These individuals identify themselves with a thing or event that is larger than the summation of their individual relationships. A community must have people, and without this funda mental characteristic, a collection of any other thing cannot qualify as a community. These people can also be a group entity who have a common identity or are located within some defined boundaries. A community can, however, be restricted by limited membership to the community, but the individuals in the community must have some relationship with each other often because of a common ground. Rituals, social agreements, and social policies must govern the people in a community. These policy agreements and rituals ensure that each member of the community is valued. The people in a community are often organized according to the roles they play in the community. Sociability of the people in a community generates content for the community (McMillan & Georg, 2006, p.130). In the college community, this characteristic of people characterizes the students and the college staff. These individuals are guided by the college rules and follow the social agreements put in place by the college. Em ergence of roles also emerges in such a community where the roles of the staff and that of the students are clearly differentiated. Online communities also have the characteristic of people and are exemplified by the participants in the discussion or members of a website. It is only real people who can form a virtual community and it are necessary to note that computer robots, despite their abilities to engage in activities similar to that of

The Mongol Empire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Mongol Empire - Essay Example The history of the Empire started from 1218, when an interesting event shaped the empire and more particularly the life of Genghis Khan, from a nomadic person to the conqueror of the world. A trade convoy starting their travel from the Mongol lands, heading towards the Persian area that now lay in modern Uzbekistan, was stopped unexpectedly by the Persian State Ruler. The ruler suspected that the caravan was one of the Mongolian spies, so he mutilated the men, raped women and seized all the goods that the group was carrying with them. The doubt was not something out of the world; in fact, the Mongols were very intelligent people at gathering information from around the world that benefited them. At the Mongolian side, this was a strict violation of the peace treaty that assured that the trade caravans will be safe from any damage. And for Genghis Khan, this was an unforgivable violation. Genghis sent a letter to the Persian Empire that the Governor who conducted the offense must be i mmediately called to withdraw from his position. The Persians were not in a mood to change one of their loyal rulers. They turned the message that the Mongols had sent and put the Mongol emissaries to death. This was the background of the annexation of Persian Empire by the Mongols. Although the Mongols are famous for their frightful bloodshed fights, this initiation was not one of them. Here Genghis Khan used his mind to capture the commonwealth. The intellects of Persia were their driving force and Khan gave great respect to all of them.

Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Plagiarism - Essay Example In simple terms, the use of another person’s work without giving due acknowledge to the source constitutes plagiarism. The first step towards avoiding plagiarism is to admit that adhering to the strategies for avoiding plagiarism makes a person no less of a great writer. The following paragraphs of the essay are used to lay out how students can strategized their writing to avoid cases and instances of plagiarism in a wake of an era when plagiarism is gaining more and prominence throughout universities in the world. Strategies for avoiding Plagiarism One of the first strategies to avoiding plagiarism is to identify the appropriate mechanism instituted in the selection of a group of words belonging to another person. By academic provisions, a student is expected to either paraphrase a group of words belonging to another person or bring quotation marks when the words are taken verbatim (University of Michigan’s Scholarly Publishing Office, 2006). ... An example can be cited with the same example above to read as ‘plagiarism remains a critical component of academic dishonesty’. From the structure of the paraphrased sentence, it can be seen that the central theme of the original message is maintained while keeping about the same number of words. It is in light of this that the Durkin University (2012) states that â€Å"a paraphrase is the rephrasing of a short passage from a text, in about the same number of words.† The next strategy to paraphrasing and using quotations is much related to paraphrasing and using quotation and this has to do with using in-text citation. In-text citation simply refers to a provision whereby the writer states the name of the original owner of any quotation or paraphrase made Durkin University (2012). In most jurisdictions, it is expected that the writer will also state the date of publication of the said source. The general idea behind in-text citation is therefore for the writer to state the name of original owner and the date of publication. However, depending on the referencing format or style being used by the writer, there are difference ways in which in-text citations will be made. Some of the referencing styles are APA, Harvard and Oxford. It is very important for a student who wants to avoid problems with plagiarism and other forms of academic dishonesty to have a fairer idea of how to use in-text citation for the different referencing styles. In a typical APA referencing style, a write who indicates the name of original owner and date before the quotation or paraphrase will be expected to write the surname of the owner and put the date in parenthesis. Example is Gardener (2011). If the source is an institution, it is expected that the

Using current and historical examples discuss the constraints and Essay

Using current and historical examples discuss the constraints and opportunities for alternative forms of work organisation in the globalized world - Essay Example w decades have given prominence to the understanding of work organization in reference to the advent of globalization; international trade being coupled with an increase in mobility of people and capital. The confusion around globalization makes it harder to concretely define the term itself. In many cases, it is the ‘prominent catchphrase for describing the process of international economic integration’ (Scholte, 2005, 16). In the context of the argument presented in this paper, globalization is viewed as an amalgamation of liberalization, universalization and westernization. Hence, it could be defined as the process of removing restrictions on movements between countries, creating a synthesis of cultures and spreading experiences to people in all corners of the world (Scholte, 2005). Work organisation is often linked with capitalism; an economic system which advocates the prominence of private ownership, wage labour and emergence of market forces as the dictating power in setting prices. Karl Marx referred to capitalist societies as an advanced form of social organization that would pave way for the working class to come to power (Whitley, 2000). The ideology revolved around the transformation of human society being a series of evolution that was controlled by the changing dynamics of the world and the requirements of the general population. Where socialist or communist systems once wielded a stronger control over the processes governing work organization, this was replaced by the capitalistic approach. In the latter approach, the barter system of goods exchange was replaced by introducing an item of use-value; initially gold and then paper money. Marx professed that the next change would be the working class coming to power, with its primary driving factor bein g the exploitation of labour or workforce, under which capitalists try to extract value for the owner or the â€Å"bourgeois† society (Whitley, 2000). Further progression of Marx’s work at the turn

Columbia Gs Admission Essay Essay Example for Free

Columbia Gs Admission Essay Essay My name is Edgar Martinez. I was born in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) 34 years ago. My childhood was pretty normal. My parents had enough to provide for my little brother and I. My father was a local councilman at the time my mom a homemaker. I always wanted to be a politician like my father I admired him as a matter of fact I still do. I graduated from High School in 1995 and soon after and got drafted to go the Colombian Army. I was sent to Santa Marta a small town located a 200 miles north from my hometown. There I encounter my first experience with the real word and left for good my childhood. In the middle of deployment my father a secretary of Energy for the national government was kidnaped . After that life was never going to be the same. We waited and waited and waited †¦.. and waited. And after a few weeks a platton of navy seals of some sort rescue my father and he was brought back to us alive and almost well. The trauma of being in captivity was devastating for him and the family . My parents desided to send me to the US to be in a safer place. Little did I know I would never return to live in the place I was born. I came to the US in 1997 directly from Cartagena to Salt Lake City.

Digital signature

Digital signature I. Introduction The main role of digital signature primitive is to preserve the data integrity of electronic document and to accomplish the requirement of authentication and verification. Only one signer using his/her private key generates an ordinary digital signature scheme. However, in some practical application, a document requires all group members to generate a signature together. These schemes are called digital multisignature schemes [2], in which all group members sign the same document by using their private keys. The multisignature scheme has three characteristics, refer to [2, 4]. For generating an efficient multisignature, the verification cost and the size of a multisignature might be almost as same as that of an ordinary signature. In the past decade, several multisignture schemes were proposed based on the factorization, discrete logarithm problems or a combination of both. Moreover, there are a few schemes proposed based on the identity-based cryptosystem. A normal multisignature scheme is called a multisignature with undistinguished signing authorities, as each group member has the same responsibility for signing the document. However, there are some situations when each member should have his/her own distinguished signing authority [4, 5, 7, and 15]. In this case, the multisignature scheme is called a multisignature scheme with distinguished signing authorities For constructing a multisignture scheme with distinguished signing authorities, Harn [4] proposed the first scheme come out with this characteristic. In this scheme, each member only has his/her distinguished signing responsible for his/her subdocument. The partial contents can be easily verified without revealing the whole message. However, Li et al. [9] claimed that Harns scheme is not secure against insider attack. Moreover, Hwang et al. [7] pointed out that, in the Harn scheme, no evidence could be used to distinguish the signing authorities; this is due to the fact that all individual signatures and multisignatures are produced on the same hash digest of all the partial subdocuments. In the same paper, Hwang et al. [7] proposed a scheme based on the Harn scheme. In the expose, they claimed that their scheme overcomes the weaknesses of the Harn scheme. However, this is increasing the cost of generating multisignature. Huang et al. [6] proposed two multisignatures with distinguish ed signing authorities for sequential and broadcasting architectures. One year later, Yoon et al. [15] showed that Huangs scheme is unsecure since an attacker can derive a users secret key and forge the multisignature of the scheme on arbitrary message. All of those schemes are based on the factorization or discrete logarithm problems or a combination of both. In 1998, Shamir [12] introduced the concept of an identity-based (ID-based) cryptosystem to simplify the key management problem. In general, the main idea of identity-based cryptosystem is that the public key of a user is inferred from his/her identity. Each user needs to register at a private key generator (PKG) by identifying his/herself before joining the network. Later, the PKG will generate a secret key for that signer which is related to his/her identity. The secret key is sent to the user via a secure channel. Shamir proposed an ID-based signature (IBS) scheme from RSA primitive [11]. The security of IBS was not proved or argued until Bellare et al. [1] proved that the IBS is secure against forgeability under chosen-message attack. In the literature, there is only one ID multisignature with distinguished signing authorities for sequential and broadcasting architectures based on the identity-based cryptosystem. Wu et al. [14] proposed two ID-based multisigntures with distinguished signing authorities, relying on the Wus [13] ID-based multisignature scheme, which however is shown to be unsecure [8]. Chien [3] showed that Wu et al. [14] two ID-based multisignatures have the security weakness by two attacks; insider attack and partial document substitution attack. More recently, Harn [5] proposed a new efficient ID-based RSA multisignature relying on IBS. Their scheme has constant signature length and verification time independent of the number of signers. They proved that their scheme is secure against multisignature collusion attack, adaptive chosen-ID attack and forgeability under chosen-message attack. In this paper, we propose an efficient ID-based multisignature with distinguished signing authorities based Harns multisignature [5]. We modify the Harns scheme to be suitable as a mutlisignature with distinguished signing authorities for broadcasting architecture. We use Wus mechanism of generating a multisignature with distinguished signing authorities only for broadcasting architecture. We suppose that the signing group U1, U2,†¦, Ul , to l the number of signers, want to generate the multisignature for the document D which can be divided to meaningful subdocuments d1, d2,†¦, dl . The member Uj is only responsible for signing partial subdocumentdj, forj=1,2,†¦,l. The rest of this paper organized as follows. In section 2, we review of Harns multisignature scheme. Section 3, we describe our proposed scheme. The security analysis of the proposed scheme is discussed in section 4. The paper is concluded in section 5. II. Review of Harns efficient identity-based RSA multisignature A. PKG keys The PKG picks two random large primes, p and q by run probabilistic polynomial algorithm Krsa, then calculates n=p.q, after that chooses a random public key e such that gcde,∅n=1 and computes the private key d=e-1 mod∅n. B. Multisignature generation 1) Signer secret key generation In this algorithm, the signer gets a copy of his secret key from the PKG through a two-step process: 1. A signer submits his identity to the PKG. 2. The PKG, with its private key d and the corresponding public key e, signs the message digest of the identity, denoted as ij, by generating a secret key gj, such that gj=ijdmod n. 2) Message signing To generate an identity-based multisignature, each signer carries out the followings steps: 1. Chooses a random integer rj and computes tj=rje mod n 2. Broadcasts tj to all the signers. 3. Upon receiving of tj, j=1,2,†¦,l, each signer computes t=j=1ltj mod n and sj=gj.rjh(t,D) mod n 4. Broadcasts sj to all the signers. 5. After receiving of sj, j=1,2,†¦,l the multisignature component s can be computed as s=j=1lsj mod n The multisignature for a document D is ÏÆ'=t,s. C. Multisignature verification To verify a multisignature ÏÆ'=t,s of a document D of signers whose identities are i1, i2, †¦, il one verifies the following: se=i1.i2†¦.il . th(t,D) mod n (1) If it holds, the identity-based multisignature is valid, otherwise it is invalid. III. Our proposed scheme Our proposed scheme as same is the same as Harns scheme in the model description which follows the model proposed in Micali et al. [10]. In our modification, there are two new players; a document issuer (DI) and a document collector (DC). The DI is responsible of dividing the document into l smaller subdocuments such that D=d1d2†¦dl and the DC is responsible of collecting the partial signature and issue the multisignature. A. PKG Keys The PKG picks two random large primes, p and q by run probabilistic polynomial algorithm Krsa, then calculates n=p.q, after that chooses a random public key e such that gcde,∅n=1 and computes the private key d=e-1 mod∅n. B. Extract Signer key generation Through this algorithm, a signer collects his private key by dealing with PKG in two steps: 1. A signer submits his identity to ij the PKG. 2. The PKG, with its private key d and the corresponding public key e, signs the message digest of the identity, denoted as ij, by generating a secret key gj, such tha gj=ijdmod n. C. Message signing To generate an identity-based multisignature with distinguishing signing authorities, each signer carries out the followings steps: 1. Chooses a random integer rj and computes tj=rjemod n 2. Broadcasts tj, htj, djto all the signers and DC. 3. Upon receiving of tj, j=1,2,†¦,l, each signer computes t=j=1ltjhtj, dj mod n H=h(t,D) And generats hisher partial signature sj=gj. rjH.h(tj,dj) mod n 4. Broadcasts sj to all the signers and DC. 5. DC verifies all partial signatures by holding the following : sje=ij . tjH.h(tj,dj) (2) 5. After that for all sj, j=1,2,†¦,l the multisignature component s can be computed as s=j=1lsj mod n The multisignature for a document D is ÏÆ'=t,s D. Multisignature verification To verify a multisignature ÏÆ'=t,s of a document D of signers whose identities are i1, i2, †¦, il one verifies the following: se=i1.i2†¦.il . tH mod n (3) If it holds, the identity-based multisignature is valid, otherwise it is invalid. E. Correctness s=j=1lsj= j=ilgj. rjH.h(tj,dj) mod n s=g1.g2†¦.gl .j=1lrjH.h(tj,dj) mod n se=g1e.g2e†¦..gle.j=1l. rjH.e.h(tj,dj) mod n se=g1e.g2e†¦..gle.[ j=1ltjhtj, dj ]Hmod n se=i1.i2†¦.in.tHmod n IV. Security Analysis Our proposed scheme is an efficient improvement on Herns multisignature (IBMS), which is suitable to meet the property of distinguishing signing authorities. Therefore, the proposed scheme construct based on Shamir identity based signature (IBS) scheme. Without lost generality, both scheme are proved secure based on RSA cryptosystem, refer to [5], [12]. Our proposed scheme inherits the security aspects from its root schemes; therefore, those aspects are still applicable and approvable to our scheme. Next, we will discuss some potential and essential attacks against our scheme. Attack 1. An existential forgery under adaptive chosen-message attack, which an adversary attempts to forge a multisignature or a partial signature for a chosen document or subdocument adaptively without knowing any private key. Essentially, the standard Shamir IBS scheme is secure against forgery under adaptive chosen-message attack, according to Berllare et al. [1]. Thus, it is easy to get the proposed scheme secure against this type of attack, due to both schemes having the same identical forms and assuming one-wayness of the underlying RSA crypotsystem. Attack 2. The adaptive chosen-ID attack, which an adversary (adversaries) tries to adaptively choose identity (identities) and forge private key from the PKG, therefore, it can forge a multisignature or partial signature. Harn et al. [5] introduced the concept of the adaptive chosen-ID attack and proved that their IBMS scheme is secure against this attack. Our scheme resembles Harns scheme, this result in our scheme also secure against adaptive chosen-ID attack. V. Conclusion We have proposed an efficient ID-based RSA multisignatures with distinguished signing authorities for broadcasting architecture based on Shamirs IBS scheme and Hern et al. IBMS scheme. The proposed scheme is secure against forgeability under adaptive chosen-message attack and adaptive chosen-identity attack.

Irony in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice Essay -- Pride and Prejudice

Irony in Pride and Prejudice Critics have examined Jane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, since its creation. In this novel, Austen uses and irony to produce a masterpiece. Austen opens the novel with what appears to be a sarcastic sentence. She writes, "IT is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife" (Austen 5). Most readers think of this as humorous and quite laughable. It does not necessarily follow that a man with a large fortune is searching for a wife. However, by the end of the first page, the reader may find himself asking, "Was Austen being sarcastic or was she simply stating a fact?" In Pride and Prejudice, the opening sentence is merely a fact. The text presents two men with large fortunes. Moreover, the end of the novel unites both men "of a good fortune" with wives. Austen sealed their ends. What appears mere sarcasm becomes ironic when one realizes "IT is a truth universally acknowledged." The first character to express sarcasm and irony is Mr. Bennett. Austen brings forth the irony of her opening thesis in his sarcastic speech. The opening dialogue between Mr. Bennett and his wife is a worthy example. She comments on a man leasing a piece of property, Netherfield Park. Mr. Bennett shows very little interest in her story. His disinterest perturbs her and she asks him if he wants to know who has rented the property. He replies "You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it" (5). She remarks that the man is "a young man of large fortune" (5). Aside from asking his name, the first thing Mr. Bennett wants to know about this man is: "Is he married or single?" "Oh single my dear, to be sure! A single man of large... ...e seems like utter stupidity to the reader. Yet the most important irony is the irony between Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth. As the novel progresses, Darcy and Elizabeth put away their pride and prejudice to unite in marriage. Also, Mr. Darcy mutates from the villain to the hero as Wickham goes from hero to villain. Finally, Austen's use of authorial intrusion adds a final touch of sarcasm and irony that completes the novel. Â   WORKS CITED Brower, Reuben A. "Light and Bright and Sparkling: Irony and Fiction in Pride and Prejudice." Ed. Donald Gray. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 374-388. Mudrick, Marvin. "Irony as Dicrimination: Pride and Prejudice." Ed. Donald Gray. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 388-409. Wright, Andrew H. "Feeling and Complexity in Pride and Prejudice." Ed. Donald Gray. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 410-420.

Abuse in Government Care Essay example -- Childcare Foster Adoption Ab

Abuse in Government Care   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is unfortunate that in our society some children grow up without the opportunity of having a loving family to raise them. More unimaginable is children growing up with parents or family members that are abusive. Children raised in abusive environments that are reported to social services and removed from their home are placed into foster care. Foster care is defined supervised care for delinquent or neglected children usually in an institution or substitute home set up by the government. Some advocates claim that the government child care system is adequate, but others like David Van Biema of Time Magazine state that, â€Å"foster care is intended to protect children from neglect and abuse at the hands of parents and other family members, yet all too often it becomes an equally cruel form of neglect and abuse by the state (Biema).† There is substantial research that looks deeper into the foster care system. It reveals that abuse in foster care is a big e nough problem that it needs to be addressed, but what changes can or should be made?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Government statistics, newspaper articles, and thorough research projects have been completed to answer the question, â€Å"is there a problem in the foster care system?† The results have revealed that a serious problem exist within foster care in the United States. At any given time there are approximately 542,000 children in the foster care system (Dept of Health). This number continues to rise each year. In 2001, 290,000 children entered into foster care, while only 263,000 children left the system (Dept of Health). Of the 263,000 children that left foster care in the year 2001, 31% were in care for over two years (Dept of Health). Nineteen percent of those children were in foster care for one to two years (Dept of Health). Two years is an unacceptable amount of time when taken into consideration that between the ages of 8 and ten are critical developmental years in a child’s life. The average age of the a child leaving the foster care system in 2 001 was 10.2 years old (Dept of Health). The amount of children per foster home at any given time is another problem. The average number of children per home in the foster care system is 3.7, which is up from 1.4 in 1983. Although 3.7 children is an average per home, there are claims that tens of thousands of homes have 5 – 8 children at once (C... ... we can ask for is that they come out alive (Thoma 8).† Work Cited: Biema, David Van. â€Å"The Storm Over Orphanages.† Time Magazine, p. 144   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12 Dec. 1994. Cohen, Deborah L. â€Å"Foster-Care Reforms Often Ignore Problems Children Face in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  School.† Education Weekly 15 June 1991. Maier, Timothy W. â€Å"Suffer the Children.† Insight on the News 24 Nov. 1997: Pg. 11. Ohio Department of Job and Family Services. â€Å"Public records and confidentiality laws.† Jan. 2004 http://emanuals.odjfs.state.oh.us/emanuals/legal/pubrec/@Generic__BookTextVie w/3;cs=default;ts=default;pt=23. Ritchotte, William. â€Å"Foster Care Reform.† Adoption.com   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://library.adoption.com/Advocacy/Foster-Care-Reform/article/5053/1.html. Thoma, Rick. â€Å"How Widwspread a Problem? A Critical Look at the Foster Care System† Liftingtheveil.org 24 June 2003 http://www.liftingtheveil.org/foster04.htm. Thoma, Rick. â€Å"A Critical Look at the Foster Care System: How Safe the Service?† Liftingtheveil.org 15 Nov. 2002 http://www.liftingtheveil.org/foster03.htm. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. â€Å"Foster Care National Statistics.† 2003   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://nccanch.acf.hhs.gov/pubs/factsheets/foster.cfm.

Inventing Your Own Technology :: Writing Nature Writers Education Essays

Inventing Your Own Technology When college students are asked to write a term paper or an essay they can either get out their pen/pencil and paper or boot up their computer and write/type away. I never realized what a convenience it is to be able to have these simple an complex technologies at my fingertips until I took Writing, Style and Technology. That was when my paper writing philosophy was broken. My teacher gave us a plot twist on our fist writing assignment like â€Å"boys vs. girls† on Survivor. I had to â€Å"write† about twenty words without using a pen, pencil, paper or computer. Instead I as required to use only â€Å"natural† materials in the environment. When I first heard of the project I had a number of ideas running through my head. Could I use food to write on or with? Could I carve into rock or wood? I went to work the next day and asked some coworkers for ideas and heard pretty much the same responses. Besides them saying this is the weirdest assignment they have ever heard of, I got â€Å"use your blood†, which I quickly explained that blood was not an option because our teacher had outlawed it. Then their ideas stopped and I was on my own. I then decided I would use the bark off some logs in our backyard. My problem was that I could not get a piece big enough to write on. My last resort was to cut down the tree in the back yard and get a piece of wood from it. My husband was totally against that idea and said there had to be a happy medium somewhere. So I decided that I would use some lumber we have in the garage for household projects as my new ‘paper.’ Now I had to come up with somethi ng to write with. I decided to burn a stick and use the ash as my new pencil. I wrote down my ‘Old West Chores’. On it I have. Milk the cow Gather eggs Gather wood Hunt dinner Clean outhouse Plow fields Clean stables Go to general store There are already a number of problems with my project.

Classification of the Tea Party Movement Essay

The Tea Party movement appears to be a rather unique entity. There is much confusion as to the exact classification of the Tea Party movement. Are they a political party, an interest group, or a social movement? Even after countless internet searches a definitive answer was seemingly nowhere to be found. There are three possible classifications of the Tea Party movement that will be explored. As well as information on which of the three systems would be the more effective route for the movement to take and why that route would be the most effective. This should paint a clearer picture of the Tea Party movement and their actual classification. The first look will be at whether or not the Tea Party is a political party, an interest group, or a social movement. And then at what would have been the more effective approach and why that approach would have been more effective. The hope is that by the end of this, the reader will have a better idea of the Tea Party movement’s positio n as a social movement and why a becoming a separate political party would have been their most effective approach. Is the Tea Party movement a political party, an interest group, or a social movement? Power and Choice: An Introduction to Political Science defines a political party as â€Å"a group of officials or would be officials who are linked with a sizable group of citizens into an organization. A chief objective of this organization is to ensure that its officials attain power and are maintained in power† (Shively, 2012, p. 251). The Tea Party movement clearly has a group of officials that they wanted to place into power. However, with no centralized leadership and little to no attempt to separate from the Republican Party one would be hard-pressed to argue them as a political party. Also, Ron Paul, who is often referred to as the godfather of the Tea Party movement, is currently running for the republican nomination. The republican candidates are frequently campaigning for the votes of the Tea Party voters. Along with, seemingly every news outlet constantly mentioning how the republ icans are fighting for the Tea Party vote the line between the two parties continue to blur. A Washington Post article states, â€Å"at a 2012 presidential forum in New Orleans in June, (Michelle) Bachmann estimated that the tea party consists of 60 percent republicans, 20 percent independents and 20 percent democrats† (Blake, Aaron â€Å"Tea party democrats do exist.† Washington Post. July 6, 2011. Web. March 7, 2012). This tells me that the Tea Party movement is a branch of the Republican Party that has differing views on some major issues, but still identifies themselves as republicans. Therefore, no, by this evidence the Tea Party movement is not a political party. The Tea Party movement, however, also is not an interest group. According to Power and Choice: An Introduction to Political Science an interest group is an â€Å"organized group of citizens that has one of its goals ensuring that the state follows certain policies† (Shively, 2012, p. 251). Historically groups such as Greenpeace, the National Rifle Association and the Air Force Sergeants As sociation have been classified as interest or â€Å"pressure† groups. These groups use their organization as a means to represent public opinion to government officials. Looking at the definition of interest group one could possibly deduce that the Tea Party movement must be an interest group. Do they want to ensure that the state follows certain policies? Yes. They demand lower taxes, call for the elimination of deficit spending, and insist the government abides by the Constitution and the institution of fiscally conservative policies to eliminate the national debt. Just like with the democratic and republican political parties, the Tea Party movement shares some similarities with interest groups. One could easily consider the Tea Party movement an interest group. Especially if they have read the Encyclopedia definition of interest group, â€Å"also called special interest group or pressure group, any association of individuals or organizations, usually formally organized, that, on the basis of one or more shared concerns, attempts to influence publi c policy in its favor. All interest groups share a desire to affect government policy to benefit themselves or their causes. Their goal could be a policy that exclusively benefits group members or one segment of society (e.g., government subsidies for farmers) or a policy that advances a broader public purpose (e.g., improving air quality). They attempt to achieve their goals by lobbying† (interest group (2012) In Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/290136/interest-group). After reading that definition it seems that the Tea Party movement is an interest group, they do fit the definition extremely well. However, there is one other option. The last possible classification to be explored is the social movement. Does the Tea Party movement fit the mold of a social movement? A social movement is defined as â€Å"loosely organized but sustained campaigns in support of a social goal, typically either the implementation or the prevention of a change in society’s structure or values. Although social movements differ in size, they are all essentially collect ive. That is, they result from the more or less spontaneous coming together of people whose relationships are not defined by rules and procedures but who merely share a common outlook on society† social movement (social movement (2012) In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/551335/social-movement). The Tea Party movement came to be in 2009 and 2010 with distrust in elected officials and wanting to remove them from power. They believe that the government has ignored the constitutional order of America (Shively, 2012, p. 309). To a person who is sparsely active in politics, the Tea Party movement may seem to be spontaneous and out of nowhere. But it could be easily argued that the political activist involved carried their feelings for many years prior to organizing the movement. But to an outsider they may have appeared to burst onto the scene. The Tea Party movement seems to be searching for a change in what they believe to be unconstitut ional actions of the United States government, as well as trying to prevent the invasion of constitutional rights. Earlier, it was stated how one could see classifying the Tea Party movement as an interest group. However, after further research they seem to fit the mold of a social movement slightly more. Since the Tea Party movement is a social movement and not an interest group or political party, it needs to be determined which one would have been the best course of action for the movement to take. The best move the Tea Party movement could make would be to become a separate political party. As a political party they would be able to run on a platform consisting completely of their own views. Why attempt to ride the coattails of the Republican Party? If the views differ enough to rally and callout the current elected officials, regardless of party, then new ones. The new party won’t have to worry about being held back by the differing views of the party of which they chose to attach themselves. If the numbers quoted earlier from Michelle Bachmann are correct (60 percent republicans, 20 percent independents and 20 percent democrats) they should have a rather good chance at winning some elections. Mike Gallagher, a Fox News Contributor, stated in a 2009 interview with Bill O’Reilly that, he’d â€Å"happily trade is republican card for a tea party card, if there was such a thing.† Now, obviously this doesn’t state how many hardline Tea Party voters there are, but it says that they appeal to some members of both major parties as well as the independents. Maybe running separately would give them a better chance of pulling more voters from the other parties and uniting their followers even more. After first comparing the Tea Party movement to interest groups, and then social movements and finally political parties, the evidence showed that they are more of a social movement than the other two. The Encyclopedia definition cited earlier was what led to this conclusion. Although it is strictly an opinion, the Tea Party movement would be better served as a political party. This is mainly because they could focus their time and efforts on a campaign consisting of their views. Would they get my vote? No. But at least they would be able to round up all of their supporters into one basket. Works Cited Encyclopedia Britannica. (2012). Retrieved March 19, 2102, from encyclopediabritannica.com: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/551335/social-movement Encyclopedia Britannica. (2012). Retrieved March 19, 2012, from encyclopediabritannica.com: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/290136/interest-group Shively, W. P. (2012). Power & Choice: An Introduction to Political Science. New York, New York: McGraw-Hill.

Effects of Commercialization Essay

Effects of Commercialization Commercialization is often confused with sales, marketing, or business development. â€Å"The rise of commercialization is an artifact of the growth of corporate power† (Gray Ruskin and Juliet Schor 487). Ruskin and Schor states that â€Å"corporations fostered the anti-tax movement and support for corporate welfare, which helped create funding crises in state and local governments and schools, and made them more willing to carry commercial adverting (487). Open-source communities have learned over time to integrate commercial interests into their development ranks without capitulating to those commercial interests. â€Å"Economists often assume that markets are inert, they do not affect the goods being exchange (Michael J. Sandel 492). Commercialization process has three key aspects: The Funnel it is essential to look at many ideas to get one or two products or businesses that can be sustained long-term, stage-wise process, and each stage has it s own key goals and milestones, and vital to involve key stakeholders early, including customers. There are so many outlooks of commercialization. The effects of commercialization are black Friday, attack on family values, and environment. The rise of commercialization is an artifact of the growth of corporate power† (Ruskin and Schor 487). Black Friday is one of the biggest shopping days of the year. Black Friday is the following Thanksgiving Day in the United States. Black Friday is not a holiday. Black Friday has become popular. Better than last minute Christmas sales. Retailers put their items on sale on Thanksgiving Morning. We realize the importance of Black Friday to retailers. It’s the day that the yearly sales finally move from the red deficit column into black profit. But its impetus, the blood sport of bargaining hunting, overshadows the meaning and the reason for Thanksgiving. Instead of giving thanks for what we have, too many salivate over what can be acquired. â€Å"Economics was becoming an imperial domain. Today, the logical of buying and selling no longer applies to material goods alone† (Michael J. Sandel 494). The family is the most  fundamental of society’s institutions, for it is within the family setting that lifetime behaviors and beliefs are established and values nurtured best in children including adolescent behavior. â€Å"The mother of the household says having less means her family appreciates p ossessions more† (Anna Quindlen 502). One key form of capitalist attack on the family lies in a process called commodification, in which capital seeks to undermine the natural forms of human interaction in all spheres of life and exchange them with commercial relations. In particular, capital strives to turn loving family relations. Healthy families are a challenge to capitalism. Family values and family ties are important institutions which, among others, affect numerous economic decisions. An historical perspective reveals that the conflict over the family may only be beginning and that we may be on the verge of a wider confrontation that will decide not only the survival of the family but fundamental questions about the scope and nature of the modern state. Political attacks on our families involve so many issues, there are many ways you can begin to talk to your child about them. â€Å"We did not arrive at this condition through any deliberate choice. It is almost as if it came upon us† (492). There is a massive environmental impact just in the sheer activity level of the community. The commercialization environment, the microeconomic and strategic conditions facing a firm that is translating an idea to a product, determines the most effective commercialization strategy, the process for bringing innov ation to the marketplace. â€Å"As corporations consolidate their control over governments and culture, we don’t expect an outright reversal of commercialization in the near future† (491). The crucial element of a firm’s commercialization strategy is whether it competes or cooperates with established firms. Commercialization strategy is thus one of the most crucial decisions a firm makes in terms of its ability to profit from technologies developed within the firm. Effective commercialization strategy results from careful analysis of the commercialization environment. Considering the benefits and costs of other strategies for securing profits and competitive advantage through innovation. â€Å"We live in a time when almost everything can be bought and sold (492). In conclusion, commercialization is often tangled with sales, marketing, or business development. Black Friday is one of the largest shopping days of the year. Black Friday is the following Thanksgiving Day in  the United States. The family is the most fundamental of society’s institutions, for it is within the family setting that lifetime behaviors and beliefs. There is a considerable environ mental impact just in the complete activity level of the community. Many technologies begin in the laboratory and are not practical for commercial use in their infancy. Works Cited Quindlen, Anna. â€Å"Stuff is Not Salvation.† Perspective on Contemporary Issues: Reading Across the Disciplines. Rd. Katherine Anne Ackley 7th ed. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2015 502-04. Print. Ruskin, Gray, and Schor, Juliet. Every Nook and Cranny: â€Å"The Dangerous Spread of Commercialized Culture.† Perspective on Contemporary Issues: Reading Across the Disciplines. Rd. Katherine Anne Ackley 7th ed. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2015 487-91. Print. Sandel, Michael. â€Å"What Isn’t for Sale?† Perspective on Contemporary Issues: Reading Across the Disciplines. Rd. Katherine Anne Ackley 7th ed. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2015 492-97. Print.

Noodles industry in India with market share Essay

‘Growing Up’ The Instant noodles market in India is finally coming of age after over 25 years The instant noodles category in India was, in a sense, created by Nestlà © with the introduction of their Maggi brand in mid-1980s. The concept of ‘2-minute noodles’, positioned as a quick snack option for children, found acceptance with both the children and their mothers as well. Having built and nurtured the category’s evolution, the brand name â€Å"Maggi† almost became a synonym for the instant noodles category itself. During the 1990s and 2000s, Maggi faced little competition. Despite the entry of players like Top Ramen (Indo Nissin Foods) in 1991, Ching’s Secret (Capital Foods) in 1996, and Wai Wai (CG Foods) in 2005, Maggi continued to retain its dominant position. However, in the past few years, we have seen consumer goods giants ITC (Sunfeast Yippee!), Glaxo-Smithkline (Horlicks Foodles), and Hindustan Unilever Limited (Knorr Soupy Noodles) foray into this lucrative market with differentiated product offerings. These brands have brought a competitive intensity to the space. This market now also comprises private labels like Feasters (AV Birla Retail), Tasty Treat (Future Group), and Smart Choice (Spencers). Even though ‘Maggi’ continues to dominate the market with a share in excess of 75%, the entry of multiple brands and the increasing aggression of existing brands has taken away several percentage points from Maggi’s market share. The category’s strong growth, and ever widening consumer acceptance, makes it a lucrative option for various players. The instant noodles market is estimated at ~INR 2200 crore (USD 402.7 million) and is projected to grow at a healthy annual rate of ~15% over the next few years. There are several reasons behind the growth this category has realized, in India, some of which are mentioned below. ï‚ · Changing consumer lifestyles – Over the years, the change in consumers’ preferences and eating habits, and their wider global exposure, along with an increasingly younger population, the growth in the middle class, with more nuclear families, and the growing time-poverty (as a result of the rise in the number of working couples) has given a boost to the convenience food segment. As a result, the instant noodles market has charted a high growth trajectory thanks to its availability, affordability, anytime-anywhere consumption and convenience, being a quick meal requiring minimal cooking. Instant noodles have also emerged from being a snack food or an occasional, alternate eating option to a mainstream food item of choice featuring regularly in consumers’ grocery baskets. ï‚ · Growing customer base – The emergence of instant noodles has added a new dimension to consumers’ meals; noodles are being consumed not just by kids (who are the core target audience) as an evening snack or a ‘tiffin’ meal but by consumers across all age groups, as an eating option beyond the ‘mundane’ ones. While it continues to be a home snack, it is also increasingly being consumed at workplace, colleges, etc. Geographically too, the appetite for instant noodles is growing with players now eyeing the semi-urban and rural markets. The category’s penetration is low in India (~20-25%), thus presenting a lucrative opportunity for growth. ï‚ · More options and variants: Players present in the space are innovating and adding value to establish a unique brand proposition in the consumers’ mind. Some of the major developments in this direction include: o Introduction of new flavors: To kindle the consumer’s interest in the category and also cater to the diverse and changing tastes of the consumer, instant noodles brands constantly enhance their product offerings by adding new flavors. In addition to the classic Masala and Chicken flavors, a wide range of flavors including Indo-Chinese, Chinese, tomato, etc. have been launched. 1 o Growing focus on health: Despite their fondness for instant noodles, consumers in India hold the notion that noodles are unhealthy, being made from ‘maida’ which is seen as not being as healthy as ‘atta’. To address this concern, brands are proactively introducing ‘healthy’ offerings as part of their product portfolio. Maggi and Top Ramen have their ‘atta’ noodles, while Horlicks Foodles was launched entirely on the health platform, with the noodles made from wheat or multiple grains and including a vitamin-supplying â€Å"Health Maker†. Additionally, HUL has also positioned its Knorr Soupy Noodles as a healthy, fun-filled snack. o More packaging variants: Brands have introduced packs in different sizes, right from single noodle packs of 50-75 gm. to value eight noodle packs. Further, to increase the category’s penetration, brands like Maggi and Wai Wai have extended product offerings in an even smaller pack size, priced at INR 5. o Category extension from pouch to cup noodles: A vital development in the market was the extension from pouch noodles to cup noodles that are ready-to-eat, on adding hot water, unlike pouch noodles that require to be cooked. The driving factor here is that convenience (the need for an on-the-go meal) is gaining in prominence in consumers’ lives owing to the rise in a younger working population and a migrant population, the increasing population of double income households with more working women, etc. Top Ramen offers different flavors in cup noodles, mini cup noodles, and mug noodles. Maggi and Wai Wai have extended to cup noodles as well. Modern formats, which provide high product visibility and good product displays, are acting as a good marketing platform for brands to promote their product offerings via consumer schemes like price discounts, bundled offers, sampling for new launches, etc. However, about 80-90% of instant noodles sales takes place through traditional formats (mom and pop stores), which is not surprising since noodles are a regular grocery item. Thus players need to invest significantly in distribution and establish a widespread retail reach and tap into a larger consumer base. Therefore, distribution remains an important enabler for this category. Another key challenge for players is to maintain price points and margins given the fluctuations in input costs. Usually, they opt to reduce pack sizes, while keeping prices constant, to counter the challenge. In its journey of 28 years, the instant noodles market has undergone several changes, viz. the entry of several new players, innovations in products and value-addition in packaging, the emergence of modern formats, a shift in consumption towards convenience foods, etc. Going forward, this market will continue to register a doubledigit growth and will witness higher competitive intensity. The strength of the distribution networks and media campaigns of the new entrants has the potential to be a game-changer and may eventually cause Maggi to face some serious competition, and perhaps even make this pioneering brand fight to defend its dominance. This category is finally coming of age and promises to be an interesting space to watch in the next few years. Authored By: Pragya Singh – Associate Director, Retail Ashima Anand- Senior Consultant, Retail

Andragogy and Transformative Learning Essay

The realization that adults learn differently from children led educators and scholars to the difficult task of defining the distinct manner by which adults learn. This was necessary in order to establish adult education as a separate field requiring non-traditional strategies in terms of teaching-learning style and instruction, but needed the same attention and effort as early education. Although the field of adult education has since branched out into numerous categories involving both formal and informal educational settings, the concept of adult learning continues to evolve as a result of the increased interest and numerous contributions to the field by educators and scholars alike. Indeed, adult education professionals have had to define the unique characteristics of adult learning vis-a-vis dominant learning frameworks focused on the teaching and learning of children. For instance, Malcolm Knowles used the term â€Å"andragogy† in an effort to differentiate adult learning from â€Å"pedagogical† or child learning approaches (Atherton, 2005). According to Knowles, there are five key differences between andragogical and pedagogical approaches to the teaching-learning process. These differences emanate mainly from the perceived differences between the characteristics of the adult as a learner compared to the child learner. In contrast to pedagogical approaches to teaching-learning which view the learner as highly dependent upon the teacher/instructor’s guidance and experience, andragogical approaches focus on the learner’s ability for self-direction and capacity for drawing knowledge from experiences (Yale University Library, 2005). Another important source of distinction between pedagogical and andragogical approaches is that the former focuses on the role external sources of motivation in the achievement of positive learning outcomes while the latter emphasizes the importance of motivation for learning that is intrinsic in the individual adult as a learner (ibid). Hence, andragogical approaches assume that adults can take responsibility for the direction and outcomes of their learning, a task that has been traditionally assigned to the teacher or the instructor by most pedagogical approaches in education. Aside from Knowles’ notion of andragogy, another influential theory in the conceptualization and benchmarking of adult education outcomes is Mezirow’s concept of Transformative Learning, which posits that adult learning involves perspective transformation or the process by which adults â€Å"become more adaptive and able to profit from experience† as a result of the expansion of the frames they use for interpreting and understanding the meaning and construction of their experiences (Parkes, 2001, p. 82). Unsurprisingly, the results of Maher’s (2002, p. 11) study on the first three generations of adult educators reveal that adult educators considered both Knowles and Mezirow among the leading theorists of adult learning. The same study is made interesting by the fact that it reflects how the perceptions and philosophies of adult educators themselves are shaped by the impact of their experiences and how they construe and fit the meaning of these experiences into their lives as educators. As Maher (2002, p. 12) notes, the responses of the adult educators she surveyed â€Å"represents a living example of how adult development occurs as a result of ‘a mixture of everything that happens to us’† which parallels both Knowles and Mezirow’s contention that adult learning is generally driven by the need by adults to continually frame and re-frame their existence through making sense of their experiences. Consequently, one of the differences that can be expected from adult educators or professionals who are more often involved in adult education in terms of the instruction approach is their more facilitative style of teaching. This stems from the adult educators’ perception that their students are in possession of knowledge and experiences that are relevant to the learning process as suggested by both Knowles and Mezirow, and that adult learners often want more control over their learning experiences and outcomes (Timarong, Temaungil & Sukrad, n. d. ). Another difference between adult educators and child educators is that the former often expects learners to assume responsibility and direct their own learning. This behavior is influenced by the notion that adult learners are often often conscious of their own learning needs. Likewise, adult educators often have a more informal relationship with their student, which is influenced by their view of the student as an individual as opposed to the more formal and rigid structure in early mentoring (Landsberger, 1996). However, this does not mean that adult educators have lower expectations in terms of learning outcomes. On the contrary, adult educators place more responsibility on their students since adult learners are treated as partners in the learning process and therefore have the ability to actively participate in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their education. The assumption that adults learn differently from children has numerous implications for instruction, particularly in how educators address learners’ specific needs and preferences. First, the educator has to consider the adult learner tendency for autonomy and self-direction in evaluating their teaching style. Second, instruction in adult learning has to take into account adult learners’ preference for relevant, problem-based learning and the relationship between these new knowledge to their specific contexts and life tasks (Lieb, 1991). Hence, adult learning instruction must be able to incorporate multiple teaching strategies, practice respect for self-directed learning processes, and offer experiential learning opportunities in order for learners to gain a sense of control and personal relevance of their learning (Maher, 2002, p. 7). Lastly, adult instruction must enable learner participation in all aspects of the learning process, and clarify the learner’s responsibility for assessing and evaluating their own performance vis-a-vis their goals for learning. Clearly, the dichotomy between adult learning and child learning primarily stems from the distinct learning needs and styles of each group of learners. Hence, adult learners require teaching strategies and styles that are vastly different from the traditional teaching methods employed in early education. Thus, the field of adult learning itself is made unique not only by its distinct goals and outcomes for the learner, but by the greater responsibility for the learning process that it allocates to the learner as a mature, independent individual. Works Cited: Atherton, J. S. (2005) Learning and teaching: Knowles andragogy: an angle on adult learning. Retrieved October 31, 2008, from http://www. learningandteaching. info/learning/knowlesa. htm Landsberger, J. (1996). Learning as an adult Andragogy. The Study Guides and Strategies. Retrieved October 31, 2008, from http://www. studygs. net/adulted. htm Lieb, S. (2007). Principles of adult learning. Retrieved October 31, 2008, from http://honolulu. hawaii. edu/intranet/committees/FacDevCom/guidebk/teachtip/adults-2. htm Maher, P. A. (2002). Conversations with long-time adult educators: the first three generation (ED471248). Retrieved October 31, 2008, from http://www. eric. ed. gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/1a/9c/bd. pdf Parkes, D. (2001). About adult education: Transformative learning. Journal of Workplace Learning. 13 (3). 182-184. Retrieved October 31, 2008, from ProQuest Data Base. Timarong, A. , Temaungil, M. , & Sukrad, W. (n. d. ). Adult learning and learners. Retrieved October 31, 2008, from http://www. prel. org/products/pr_/adult-learners. htm

Video summary Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Video summary - Movie Review Example tions since cars will reduce hence creating more parking spaces and reduce the commotion: only those people who genuinely need to drive in New York will come with their cars. Firstly the implementation will lead to reduced air pollution, make pedestrian life better, save a lot of energy and probably slow down the global warming. Above all, it will improve how public realm of New York; how to use sign boards and create a favorable environment for everybody residing the city. Professor Shoup does not see the sense as to why New York is an expensive city and people pays high costs for residence while they park for free which should be the other way round. He compares New York with the city of Pasadena. Were after putting parking revenue, the city has become beautiful with money collected being used to clean the rods and pavements, pays for police services, lights the streets at night and generally unlacing the public wealth of the city. I think this is a quite brilliant idea and should be applied in all cities that are experiencing parking and traffic jams

Introduce a new product (you pick product) Research Proposal

Introduce a new product (you pick product) - Research Proposal Example It has fully utilized primary sources like the questioners and personal interviews together with a variety of secondary sources in gauging the demand for the named product in the beverage industry. The analysis obtained positive results whereby most people who like soft drinks more often than not buy cakes or biscuits as they claimed that the combination of the two delivered much fulfilling refreshment. However, others were quite skeptical of the product and therefore much advertisement and sensitization is necessary in order to convince more people to like the product. The proposal also recommends that one method of popularizing the product, by distributing the Cola Biscuits together with other Coca-Cola products like Fanta, Coke, and Sprite. This way they will attract more attention and consequently generate more revenue through increased sales. Case studies have also shown that most Coca-Cola customers usually take the beverages with other snacks like cakes and biscuits. This pres ents a great opportunity for the Coca-Cola Company to expand more by diversifying its products to suit the customers’ needs. Finally, this proposal recognizes the heightened competition that the brand new product will face and recommends for an aggressive marketing strategy to counter similar products from other companies. Since its inception, the Coca-Cola Company has been operating in the beverage industry with its main products being the soft drinks and mineral water. However, there are many supplementary products sold together with Fanta, Daso, Coke, and Sprite. Most people like taking Sodas with biscuits, cakes, or doughnuts but their main allure is the biscuits. In every Coca-Cola retail store, there are these products from other companies meaning that these go hand in hand with the products of the Coca-Cola Company. Therefore, there is need by the Coca-Cola Company to tap into these prospective customers to be able to sell only its products in the retail stores spread

Shawshank Redemption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Shawshank Redemption - Essay Example In Shawshank Redemption, the major themes revolve around the power of intelligence, the power of friendship and the power of hope. In the movie, Shawshank redemption, one could appreciate how the power of intelligence becomes portrayed. The character Andy on arrival to Shawshank prison, asked his friend Red to help him procure a rock hammer, polishing cloth and a large poster of Rita Hayworth. Nobody actually knew the importance of these 3 things until one day when Andy made an escape to Mexico after boring a hole through the prison walls. In addition, it is via Andy’s intelligence after helping the prison guard with family and financial issues while working at the prison’s license plate factory that he managed to secure a job as a person who did their paper work. Just from that simple act of intelligence, Andy managed to secure a status where he became protected from the notorious prison gang called Sisters that used to molest him. In addition, through his intelligence , he manages to secure a place as the prison’s librarian and expands it more in a century. Through his association with the guards, he managed to do money laundering business ran by Norton. Andy therefore gained much reputation in prison and ultimately became the people’s hero as he escaped prison, leading to Norton giving up on the search and resigning. Intelligence has been demonstrated in many prison movies, for instance Prison Break. In Prison break for instance, the main character, Michael Scofield uses his wit in order to get his brother out of prison. Prison break is majorly a season that depicts how intelligence could be of great value in evading problematic situations. The character Andy could be likened to Michael Scofield in Prison Break as both used intelligence to break out of prison. In relation to the theme, in my past experience, I have been saved a lot by depicting some act of intelligence and highly appreciate its use in real life. In Shawshank Redemp tion, power of friendship remains a theme that gets depicted entirely in the film. Andy on arrival at Shawshank made friends with Red. It is via the friendship that Andy managed to secure the very items that his used in plotting his escape. Andy asked Red to secure for him a rock hammer, polishing cloth and a poster of Rita Hayworth. If not for being friends, Red would not have secured these items for Andy. In addition, Red always was present to talk and console Andy after being mishandled by the gang called Sisters. It is while working at the prison’s license plate factory, that Andy made a deal that saw his friends get 3 beers while working at that place. In addition, in gaining favor from the prison guards and Norton, Andy managed to have his friends protected too from the gangs that used to torment in mates. As a sign and gratitude to true friendship, Andy had earlier on told Red about the money and the key in the mountain rocks near the prison that eventually led Reds to joining him in Mexico. Red on being released some few years after Andy’s escape, one day went to the area where he was told he would find a key, but got more than he had hoped for, a true friend asking Red to join him in Mexico. The movie ends with Red being overjoyed about meeting his prison and lifelong prison. In relation to Prison Break, Michael Scofield, cared and treated his brother as a

Business plan coments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business plan coments - Essay Example Therefore, a tailored business model has been prepared by the firm which covers different aspects including what the firm would be outsourcing, what their main objectives would be, what services they would be offering to the customers to attract them etc. The team has identified the major forces that influence the firm, which is one of the strengths of the business plan. These forces include market issues, market segments, needs and demands of the industry, cost of customers if they switch their services, attractions for customers etc. In addition to this, the team has also identified different industry forces including competitors, new entrants, substitute products, suppliers and other stakeholders that would have an influence on the firm. Other factors like macro-economic forces, and key trends in the industry including technological trends, regulatory trends etc have also been presented in the report. In the other section of the business plan, the team has covered the market opportunity analysis in a manner that would be attractive for investors when they are going through the business plan and evaluating the business idea for the purpose of investment. The target market of the firm has been described as well as what the target market prefers has also been identified, showing more in-depth analysis and hard work of the team. The team has also analyzed the offerings of the competing firms and what factors or services of the competitors could influence the company. A brief description about the services of the competitors has been explained to analyze its impact on the company. In the section of market analysis, the team has identified the growth of e-commerce market industry in the last few years which is an important variable considering the services of the company. In addition, the team has conducted sufficient research to identify how the market would perform in the years to come along with the total value of the

I'll attach it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

I'll attach it - Essay Example The postal services industry was big and booming. Nevertheless, with the materialization of the internet, as well as, related technologies such as email and social media, things have changed significantly. Presently, it is easier to send an email or an instant message via social media than sending handwritten letters. The email and the instant message will be delivered to the intended recipient immediately while the letter may take hours or days to reach the destination depending on the distance between the sender and the recipient. This is just an illustration of the principal alteration of information technology. This paper focuses on the impact of information technology on the healthcare profession. The paper argues that information technology has had a major impact on healthcare as a profession including the nature of healthcare practice, relationship with customers, and management of healthcare information/records. The paper is organized into different sections. The first part gives an introduction into the main topic and the thesis. The second section provides the main discussion. It is organized into different subsections that focus on specific areas. The final section will be the conclusion. The conclusion will restate the thesis and highlight the main points emerging from the main discussion. It will also provide appropriate recommendations. Information technology is a growing field that focuses on computer and telecommunication systems that are used in information management. Information technologies, therefore, include computers, computer systems, telecommunication systems, and other information systems. Apart from computers, other typical information technologies include smartphone, enterprise resource planning systems, Tablets, internet, email, social media, and cloud computing among others. The information technology field is much broader. While these examples of IT (information technology) are used

Applying Research in Practice Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Applying in Practice - Research Paper Example Evidence based research identifies practices for prevention and management of pressure ulcers that complement and support the institution’s recommendations. Continuous Bedside Pressure Mapping (CBPM) offers a basis for detecting pressures at different parts of a patient’s body and therefore helps to relocate the patient to offload pressure from the areas (Behrendt, Ghaznavi, Manhan, Craft, & Siddiqui, 2014). The authors established that CBPM reduces patients’ risk of developing pressure ulcers. In an experimental design, results reported 0.9 percent chance of developing pressure ulcers under CBPM and 4.8 percent chance without application of CBPM. The evidence identifies the guidelines’ objective for prevention and management of pressure ulcers but with inefficiency. While the guidelines identify need for repositioning in order to alleviate pressure, it fails to provide an approach for accurate determination of pressure levels for positioning. This means t hat according to the guidelines, positioning may be done when pressure is less than the threshold for causing or worsening pressure ulcers. Similarly, pressure at some point may exceed the threshold level but may not be detected for repositioning. The discrepancy between the guidelines and practice suggest inefficiency in prevention of pressure ulcers, under the guidelines, and this can be inferred to management. Nurses can resolve this by using technology to identify real time pressure at different points of a patient’s body. With such an approach, repositioning can be effective in preventing pressure ulcers and in offloading pressure from affected regions to facilitate recovery. In addition to accurate monitoring of pressure, nurses can also collaborate with physicians and surgeons to promote surgical intervention for management of pressure ulcers (Giaquinto-Cilliers, 2014). This can facilitate

Researched Literature Review- The Impact of Studying Abroad on review

Researched - The Impact of Studying Abroad on Graduate Employability - Literature review Example As per this essay, the effects of studying abroad are put into consideration in terms of the outcomes that arise when it comes to the labour markets. Analysis of the current graduate labour market- general and specific Within the assignment, the examination of the current opportunities that graduates have as well as the trends that affect their employment chances such as the effects or the impacts that labor markets as well as the bearing of the factors that are externally in the influence of the career patterns and also how they affect the ethical as well as the cultural as well as the ethical issues in relation to the quality and efficiency of the work that the graduates produce. The use of relevant competencies as well as the professional standards affect the graduates that are applying as well as dealing with the pressures of employment after they obtain their documents of qualifications. According to Santiago (2008), the positive as well as the negative impacts of the evaluation of the graduates will in scrutiny in relation to the impacts that they face in the market. Past information shows that there was a great difference between the graduate and the non-graduate jobs. The university graduates either joined the graduate professionals joined their respective jobs that they were qualified for, or they were accepted in the schemes of management training with companies that were large as well as prestige. The graduate market as of the present times is more complex than it was some years back basing this on aspects such as; it is more complex in the sense that there is increased global competition as well as advances when it comes to the ever dynamic field of technology. The latter, therefore, means that the workforce that is needed as a result is more skilled as well experienced more than ever before. The results according to Taylor (1997), that have arisen as a result include the fact that occupations that in the past did not originally need a degree now ne ed one and the expansions of the higher education means that there is an increase in the number of people that are obtaining degrees, which as a result has led to the increase in competition of the public sector. ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT GRADUATE LABOUR MARKET Recent trends show that employees have increased in their recruitment on the basis of the skills that the graduates posses as well as the quality of their work and in many instances, more vital than the subject knowledge that one may have acquired through their degree. Although it is somewhat hard to define ‘graduate jobs’ in a pin-point manner, OECD, (1998), it is generally known that those graduates that obtain first class honors in their degrees tend to get jobs six months after they graduate. When it comes to the non graduate jobs, in many employment situations, the candidates are required to be in the possession of the relevant skills. An increase in the trend of university leavers to get graduate jobs shows t hat are non graduate and combine them with activities such as the work experience as well as voluntary work to boost their employment prognosis. Some of the options that the graduates are faced with after completion of their degree include a job in the degree subject that they have qualified, a job whereby they use

Social Networking Sites Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Social Networking Sites - Essay Example Carrying out marketing campaigns using social networking sites generally entails the following: planning – building an SMM plan is vital. The business needs to take into consideration keyword research and brainstorm content ideas which would interest the ideal customers. Content – consistent with other e-marketing areas, content is essential when it comes to SMM. The business should ensure that it offers valuable information that the target audience would find interesting. The business should make a variety of content by implementing infographics, videos as well as images besides content that is text-based (Evans 2013, p. 22). Blog – it is noteworthy that blogging is an imperative SMM tool which allow the business to share various content and information with the readers. Using blogs, the business can also blog about its recent social media events, contests and efforts. Tracking business rivals – it is generally essential to keep an eye on the competition as they could offer valuable SMM insight such as where to get links that are industry-related. They can also provide important data for keyword research. If the business rivals are utilizing a particular SMM technique that appears to be working for them effectively, the business can also do the same thing, but do it much better (Qing 2012, p. 38). Consistent Brand Image – the use of social networking sites for marketing purposes allows the firm to project its brand image across several dissimilar platforms of social media. Whist every platform has its own distinctive voice and environment, the core identity of the business should remain consistent. Links – whilst employing social networking sites for the purposes of marketing depends mainly on the business sharing its own original and distinctive... According to this paper social networking sites are good in supporting business. The various platforms of social media such as Pinterest, LinkedIn, Twitter, YouTube, Google+ and Facebook allow the enterprise to promote its products to its followers, and in so doing increase sales volume. Additionally, by engaging and interacting with customers, these social networking sites are also employed by businesses to improve customer care by responding to the clients’ questions and addressing their concerns. Nonetheless, there are a number of potential threats of using these sites for business. These threats include: acting as a platform where people with ill-intentions can generate spiteful negative comments which may hurt the reputation of the business; human error resulting in leaked corporate data; staff members of the business could make inappropriate comments on the social media account of the business; and malware attacks from external sources. However, these threats could be av oided by ensuring that the staff members are educated regarding security threats, and carrying out a wide-ranging data and access control strategy. The paper shows that in general, the best technique for preventing the potential threats that come about as a result of a business using social networking sites is to ensure that the staff members are educated regarding security threats that are associated with social networking websites. The enterprise can also carry out a wide-ranging data and access control strategy so as to prevent loss of data.